Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
J Appl Genet. 2010;51(4):479-87. doi: 10.1007/BF03208877.
Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) influence meat tenderness, juiciness, and flavor, and are beneficial to human health. The percentage of long-chain n-3 FAs in total FAs is termed the omega-3 index (O3I). It is thus of great interest to favor rising this index in bovine skeletal muscle, to obtain healthier, tastier, and more nutritive meat. This study was aimed to detect transcriptomic variations related to O3I in muscles in 15-month-old males of 4 Spanish cattle breeds raised under the same conditions. Through the analysis of extreme O3I phenotypes, 3 genes of interest (AANAT, UCP2 and AHA1) were identified. AANAT and UCP2 were strongly up-regulated, while AHA1 was repressed in animals with a high O3I. Moreover, gene expression differed between GDF8-null animal muscles (tested for nt821del11 and Q204X mutations) and the wild-type muscles for genes GDH1, IGF2R, FADS1, ASPH, and AIM1, all showing down-regulation in Asturiana de los Valles calves with muscle hypertrophy (GDF8-null). This shows that in GDF8-null animals other pathways are used for FA synthesis.
长链ω-3 脂肪酸（n-3 FAs）影响肉的嫩度、多汁性和风味，对人体健康有益。长链 n-3 FAs 在总 FAs 中的百分比称为ω-3 指数（O3I）。因此，提高牛骨骼肌中这种指数以获得更健康、更美味、更有营养的肉具有重要意义。本研究旨在检测在相同条件下饲养的 4 个西班牙牛品种 15 月龄雄性个体肌肉中与 O3I 相关的转录组变化。通过对极端 O3I 表型的分析，鉴定出 3 个感兴趣的基因（AANAT、UCP2 和 AHA1）。AANAT 和 UCP2 强烈上调，而 AHA1 在 O3I 高的动物中受到抑制。此外，在 GDF8 缺失动物肌肉（检测 nt821del11 和 Q204X 突变）和具有肌肉肥大的野生型 Asturiana de los Valles 小牛肌肉中，基因表达存在差异，所有这些基因的表达都下调了，包括 GDH1、IGF2R、FADS1、ASPH 和 AIM1，这些基因在 GDF8 缺失动物中都显示出下调。这表明在 GDF8 缺失动物中，其他途径被用于 FA 合成。
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