Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA.
Nutrients. 2022 Jul 20;14(14):2966. doi: 10.3390/nu14142966.
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend increasing the intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The Omega-3 Index (O3I) is one marker used to assess omega-3 status. The O3I national average is 4.3%, which translates into a high risk for developing cardiovascular disease. Research has reported an association between variants in the two desaturase encoding genes, fatty acid desaturase 1 and fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS1/2), and the concentration of O3I. The aim of this study was to assess whether a personalized dosage of omega-3 supplementation would lead to an O3I ≥ 8%. A secondary aim was to identify if changes in O3I levels would be associated with either of the two FADS1/2 variants.
This interventional study had a pre- and post-intervention design to assess changes in O3I. Ninety participants completed demographic, biometrics, O3I, and genetic testing. Participants were provided a personalized dose of omega-3 supplements based on their baseline O3I.
The majority (63%) of participants were 20 year old white males with an average O3I at baseline of 4.6%; the post-supplementation average O3I was 5.6%. The most frequent genetic variants expressed in the full sample for FADS1/2 were GG (50%) and CA/AA (57%).
O3I was significantly increased following omega-3 supplementation. However, it was not possible to conclude whether the two FADS1/2 variants led to differential increases in OI3 or if a personalized dosage of omega-3 supplementation led to an O3I ≥ 8%, due to our study limitations.
美国人的饮食指南建议增加ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸的摄入量。ω-3 指数（O3I）是评估ω-3 状态的一种标志物。O3I 的全国平均水平为 4.3%，这意味着患心血管疾病的风险很高。研究报告称，两种去饱和酶编码基因（脂肪酸去饱和酶 1 和脂肪酸去饱和酶 2（FADS1/2））的变异与 O3I 的浓度之间存在关联。本研究旨在评估个性化剂量的ω-3 补充剂是否会导致 O3I≥8%。次要目标是确定 O3I 水平的变化是否与 FADS1/2 中的两种变体中的任何一种相关。
本干预研究采用前后干预设计来评估 O3I 的变化。90 名参与者完成了人口统计学、生物统计学、O3I 和基因检测。根据他们的基线 O3I，为参与者提供了个性化剂量的ω-3 补充剂。
大多数（63%）参与者是 20 岁的白人男性，平均基线 O3I 为 4.6%；补充后平均 O3I 为 5.6%。在全样本中，FADS1/2 表达最频繁的遗传变体是 GG（50%）和 CA/AA（57%）。
ω-3 补充后 O3I 显著增加。然而，由于我们的研究限制，无法得出关于 FADS1/2 两种变体是否导致 OI3 差异增加或个性化剂量的 ω-3 补充是否导致 O3I≥8%的结论。
