Division of Psychiatric Epidemiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York 10029, USA.
Can J Psychiatry. 2010 Nov;55(11):701-8. doi: 10.1177/070674371005501103.
To review the conceptual bases of Person-centred Integrative Diagnosis (PID) as a component and contributor to person-centred psychiatry and medicine and to outline its design and development.
An analysis was conducted of the historical roots of person-centred psychiatry and medicine, tracing them back to ancient Eastern and Western civilizations, to the vicissitudes of modern medicine, to recent clinical and conceptual developments, and to emerging efforts to reprioritize medicine from disease to patient to person in collaboration with the World Medical Association, the World Health Organization, the World Organization of Family Doctors, the World Federation for Mental Health, and numerous other global health entities, and with the coordinating support of the International Network for Person-centered Medicine.
One of the prominent endeavours within the broad paradigmatic health development outlined above is the design of PID. This diagnostic model articulates science and humanism to obtain a diagnosis of the person (of the totality of the person's health, both ill and positive aspects), by the person (with clinicians extending themselves as full human beings), for the person (assisting the fulfillment of the person's health aspirations and life project), and with the person (in respectful and empowering relationship with the person who consults). This broader and deeper notion of diagnosis goes beyond the more restricted concepts of nosological and differential diagnoses. The proposed PID model is defined by 3 keys: broad informational domains, covering both ill health and positive health along 3 levels: health status, experience of health, and contributors to health; pluralistic descriptive procedures (categories, dimensions and narratives); and evaluative partnerships among clinicians, patients, and families. An unfolding research program is focused on the construction of a practical guide and its evaluation, followed by efforts to facilitate clinical implementation and training.
PID is aimed at appraising overall health through pluralistic descriptions and evaluative partnerships, and leading through a research program to more effective, integrative, and person-centred health care.
回顾以人为本的综合诊断（PID）作为以人为本的精神病学和医学的组成部分和贡献者的概念基础，并概述其设计和开发。
对以人为本的精神病学和医学的历史根源进行了分析，追溯到古代东西方文明、现代医学的变迁、最近的临床和概念发展，以及与世界医学协会、世界卫生组织、世界家庭医生组织、世界心理卫生联合会以及许多其他全球卫生实体合作，重新优先考虑从疾病到患者再到人的医学，并在国际以人为中心医学网络的协调支持下，努力将以人为本的综合诊断作为一种新兴的方法。
上述广泛范式健康发展中突出的努力之一是 PID 的设计。这种诊断模型将科学和人文主义结合起来，通过临床医生作为完整的人来为患者（患者的整体健康，包括疾病和积极方面）做出诊断，为患者（协助实现患者的健康愿望和人生计划）做出诊断，并与患者（与患者建立尊重和赋权的关系）建立诊断。这种更广泛和更深入的诊断概念超越了更具限制性的分类和鉴别诊断概念。所提出的 PID 模型由 3 个关键定义：广泛的信息领域，涵盖健康和积极健康的 3 个层面：健康状况、健康体验和健康促进因素；多元描述性程序（类别、维度和叙述）；以及临床医生、患者和家属之间的评估伙伴关系。一个正在进行的研究项目侧重于实用指南的构建及其评估，然后努力促进临床实施和培训。
PID 旨在通过多元描述和评估伙伴关系来评估整体健康状况，并通过研究计划促进更有效、更综合、更以人为本的医疗保健。
