US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Dec 15;44(24):9431-7. doi: 10.1021/es103554y. Epub 2010 Nov 12.
Emissions from the in situ burning of oil in the Gulf of Mexico after the catastrophic failure of the Deepwater Horizon drilling platform were sampled for polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF). A battery-operated instrument package was lofted into the plumes of 27 surface oil fires over a period of four days via a tethered aerostat to determine and characterize emissions of PCDD/PCDF. A single composite sample resulted in an emission factor of 2.0 ng toxic equivalency (TEQ) per kg of carbon burned, or 1.7 ng TEQ per kg of oil burned, determined by a carbon balance method. Carbon was measured as CO(2) plus particulate matter, the latter of which has an emission factor of 0.088 kg/kg carbon burned. The average plume concentration approximately 200-300 m from the fire and about 75-200 m above sea level was <0.0002 ng TEQ/m(3).
墨西哥湾深水地平线钻井平台灾难性故障后，对现场燃烧的石油排放的多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDD/Fs）进行了采样。在四天的时间里，通过系留气球将一个由电池供电的仪器包吊入 27 个表面油火的羽流中，以确定和描述 PCDD/Fs 的排放情况。通过碳平衡法，一个单一的复合样品得出的排放因子为每燃烧 1 千克碳释放 2.0 纳克毒性等效（TEQ），或每燃烧 1 千克油释放 1.7 纳克 TEQ。碳的测量值为 CO2 加上颗粒物，后者的排放因子为每燃烧 1 千克碳释放 0.088 千克。距火约 200-300 米、海拔约 75-200 米的平均羽流浓度<0.0002 ng TEQ/m3。
