深水地平线石油泄漏工人 10 年随访期间的细颗粒物与冠心病事件。
Fine particulate matter and incident coronary heart disease events up to 10 years of follow-up among Deepwater Horizon oil spill workers.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
出版信息
Environ Res. 2023 Jan 15;217:114841. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114841. Epub 2022 Nov 17.
BACKGROUND
During the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) disaster, in-situ burning and flaring were conducted to remove oil from the water. Workers near combustion sites were potentially exposed to burning-related fine particulate matter (PM). Exposure to PM has been linked to increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but no study has examined the relationship among oil spill workers.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the association between estimated PM from burning/flaring of oil/gas and CHD risk among the DWH oil spill workers.
METHODS
We included workers who participated in response and cleanup activities on the water during the DWH disaster (N = 9091). PM exposures were estimated using a job-exposure matrix that linked modelled PM concentrations to detailed DWH spill work histories provided by participants. We ascertained CHD events as the first self-reported physician-diagnosed CHD or a fatal CHD event that occurred after each worker's last day of burning exposure. We estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for the associations between categories of average or cumulative daily maximum PM exposure (versus a referent category of water workers not near controlled burning) and subsequent CHD. We assessed exposure-response trends by examining continuous exposure parameters in models.
RESULTS
We observed increased CHD hazard among workers with higher levels of average daily maximum exposure (low vs. referent: HR = 1.26, 95% CI: 0.93, 1.70; high vs. referent: HR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.08, 4.12; per 10 μg/m increase: HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.19). We also observed suggestively elevated HRs among workers with higher cumulative daily maximum exposure (low vs. referent: HR = 1.19, 95% CI: 0.68, 2.08; medium vs. referent: HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 0.88, 2.16; high vs. referent: HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 0.96, 2.14; per 100 μg/m-d increase: HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Among oil spill workers, exposure to PM from flaring/burning of oil/gas was associated with increased risk of CHD.
背景
在 2010 年的深水地平线（DWH）灾难期间，进行了就地燃烧和火炬燃烧以清除水中的石油。燃烧现场附近的工人可能会接触到与燃烧有关的细颗粒物（PM）。接触 PM 已被证明与冠心病（CHD）风险增加有关，但尚无研究调查过石油泄漏工人之间的关系。
目的
调查 DWH 石油泄漏工人中燃烧/燃烧石油/天然气产生的估计 PM 与 CHD 风险之间的关系。
方法
我们纳入了在 DWH 灾难期间参与水上应对和清理活动的工人（N=9091）。使用职业暴露矩阵估计 PM 暴露情况，该矩阵将模型化的 PM 浓度与参与者提供的详细 DWH 泄漏工作历史相关联。我们将首次报告的医生诊断的 CHD 或每个工人最后一次暴露于燃烧后发生的致命 CHD 事件确定为 CHD 事件。我们估计了平均或每日最大 PM 暴露（与不靠近受控燃烧的水上工人的参考类别相比）与随后的 CHD 之间的风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。我们通过在模型中检查连续暴露参数来评估暴露-反应趋势。
结果
我们观察到，在暴露于更高水平平均每日最大暴露的工人中，CHD 发病危险增加（低 vs. 参照：HR=1.26，95%CI：0.93，1.70；高 vs. 参照：HR=2.11，95%CI：1.08，4.12；每增加 10μg/m：HR=1.10，95%CI：1.02，1.19）。我们还观察到，在暴露于更高的累积每日最大暴露的工人中，HR 呈升高趋势（低 vs. 参照：HR=1.19，95%CI：0.68，2.08；中 vs. 参照：HR=1.38，95%CI：0.88，2.16；高 vs. 参照：HR=1.44，95%CI：0.96，2.14；每增加 100μg/m-d：HR=1.03，95%CI：1.00，1.05）。
结论
在石油泄漏工人中，燃烧/燃烧石油/天然气产生的 PM 暴露与 CHD 风险增加有关。
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