Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia Health Center, P.O. Box 801337, Charlottesville, VA 22908-1337, USA.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2010 Nov;8(11):1259-71. doi: 10.1586/eri.10.110.
A literature search was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of the respiratory fluoroquinolones (gemifloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin) and their efficacy and safety in the management of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Data show that CAP is a common presentation in primary care practice, and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, particularly in the elderly. Although the causative pathogens differ depending on treatment setting and patient factors, Streptococcus pneumoniae is the primary pathogen in all treatment settings. As a class, the respiratory fluoroquinolones have a very favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile. Pharmacodynamic criteria suggest that moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin are more potent against S. pneumoniae, which may have the added benefit of reducing resistance selection and enhancing bacterial eradication. The respiratory fluoroquinolones are also generally well tolerated, and are first-line options for outpatient treatment of CAP in patients with comorbidities or previous antibiotic use.
进行了文献检索，以评估呼吸氟喹诺酮类药物（加替沙星、左氧氟沙星和莫西沙星）的药代动力学和药效学特征，以及它们在社区获得性肺炎（CAP）治疗中的疗效和安全性。数据表明，CAP 是初级保健实践中的常见表现，与高发病率和死亡率相关，尤其是在老年人中。尽管根据治疗环境和患者因素的不同，致病病原体也有所不同，但肺炎链球菌是所有治疗环境中的主要病原体。作为一类药物，呼吸氟喹诺酮类药物具有非常有利的药代动力学和药效学特征。药效学标准表明，莫西沙星和加替沙星对肺炎链球菌的作用更强，这可能有助于减少耐药性的选择并增强细菌清除。呼吸氟喹诺酮类药物通常也具有良好的耐受性，是合并症或既往使用抗生素的 CAP 门诊治疗的一线选择。
