Princeton University, University Health Services, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Clin Sports Med. 2011 Jan;30(1):49-61, viii. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2010.09.005.
Sport-related concussion is a common injury that occurs in a variety of sports. In recent years, more attention has been focused on the importance of this injury as well as the long-term complications of unrecognized, repetitive, and/or severe injury. The acute presentation of concussion as well as the diagnosis of concussion is often straightforward and obvious, but it can also be subtle and difficult to discern. Most injuries are short lived with complete recovery within a couple of weeks, with a small minority taking several months to resolve. Unfortunately, it is difficult to predict which injuries will linger. This article discusses the on-field presentation, diagnosis, and management of sport-related concussion. It is important to have a concussion protocol for high-risk sports, including a preseason and postinjury assessment, and an individualized yet comprehensive approach that includes evaluating symptoms, and a neurologic examination that includes cognitive function and balance testing. A multifaceted approach to the evaluation and diagnosis of concussion is endorsed for the optimal management of this injury.
运动相关性脑震荡是一种常见的损伤，发生在各种运动中。近年来，人们越来越关注这种损伤的重要性以及未被识别、反复发生和/或严重的损伤的长期并发症。脑震荡的急性表现和诊断通常是直接和明显的，但也可能是微妙和难以辨别。大多数损伤是短暂的，在几周内完全恢复，少数损伤需要几个月才能解决。不幸的是，很难预测哪些损伤会持续存在。本文讨论了运动相关性脑震荡的现场表现、诊断和管理。对于高风险运动，制定脑震荡方案很重要，包括赛前和受伤后的评估，以及个体化但全面的方法，包括评估症状和包括认知功能和平衡测试的神经检查。多方面的评估和诊断方法被认为是这种损伤的最佳管理方法。
