Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Jan 30;185(2-3):1340-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.10.052. Epub 2010 Oct 20.
To find the pathologic cause of the children's dental fluorosis in southwestern China, diet structure before the age of 6 and prevalence rate of dental fluorosis (DF) of 405 children were investigated, and the fluorine and arsenic content of several materials were determined. The prevalence rate of DF of children living on roasted corn before the age of 6 is 100% with nearly 95% having the mild to severe DF; while that of children living on non-roasted corn or rice is less than 5% with all having very mild DF. The average fluorine and arsenic concentration are 20.26 mg/kg and 0.249 mg/kg in roasted corn, which are about 16 times and 35 times more than in non-roasted corn, respectively. The average fluorine concentration is 78 mg/kg in coal, 1116 mg/kg in binder clay and 313 mg/kg in briquette (coal mixed with clay). The average arsenic concentration of coal is 5.83 mg/kg, the binder clay is 20.94 mg/kg, with 8.52 mg/kg in the briquette. Living on roasted corn and chili is the main pathologic cause of endemic fluorosis in southwestern China. The main source of fluorine and arsenic pollution of roasted corn and chill is the briquette of coal and binder clay.
为了找到中国西南地区儿童氟斑牙的病理原因，调查了 405 名儿童 6 岁前的饮食结构和氟斑牙（DF）的患病率，并测定了几种材料的氟和砷含量。6 岁前以烤玉米为食的儿童氟斑牙患病率为 100%，几乎 95%的儿童为轻度至重度氟斑牙；而以非烤玉米或大米为食的儿童患病率低于 5%，且所有儿童均为轻度氟斑牙。烤玉米中氟和砷的平均浓度分别为 20.26 毫克/千克和 0.249 毫克/千克，分别是非烤玉米的 16 倍和 35 倍。煤中的氟平均浓度为 78 毫克/千克，粘结粘土中的氟平均浓度为 1116 毫克/千克，煤和粘土混合的煤球中的氟平均浓度为 313 毫克/千克。煤中的砷平均浓度为 5.83 毫克/千克，粘结粘土中的砷平均浓度为 20.94 毫克/千克，煤球中的砷平均浓度为 8.52 毫克/千克。食用烤玉米和辣椒是中国西南地区地方性氟中毒的主要病理原因。烤玉米和辣椒中氟和砷污染的主要来源是煤和粘结粘土制成的煤球。
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