Department of Communication, School of Communication and Information, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2010 Dec;39(6 Suppl 1):S44-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.09.005.
Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a contributor to the increased morbidity and mortality experienced by inner-city African-American children. Limited evidence-based programming exists regarding how to address the negative effects of SHS in this community.
A collaboration with an early child care center provided an opportunity to explore factors related to young children's SHS exposure as the first step in developing strategies to reduce exposure.
Survey data were obtained between 2008 and 2009 from 63 African-American parents of infants and children aged ≤ 5 years at two early child care centers located in an urban Minneapolis neighborhood. Forty-three of these children had salivary cotinine levels assessed.
Parents living below the poverty level were more likely to report that their children were regularly exposed to SHS by family/friends (p = 0.01). Sixty-eight percent of participants reported complete home smoking restrictions, which was significantly correlated with advice from the child's health provider (p = 0.001). Nonsmokers and older parents were less likely to receive advice (p = 0.03). Of the 43 children in whom cotinine levels were assessed, 39.5% had levels > 0.64 ng/ml, which suggests high SHS exposure. Lower cotinine levels were significantly correlated with living in detached houses.
Exposure to SHS was common for children in this study. These findings, if supported by additional research, can be used to develop and disseminate targeted health messages about childhood SHS sources/negative effects and strategies to reduce exposure.
接触二手烟（SHS）是导致城市内非裔美国儿童发病率和死亡率上升的一个因素。关于如何解决这个社区中 SHS 的负面影响，现有的循证方案有限。
与一家幼儿保育中心合作，为探索与幼儿 SHS 暴露相关的因素提供了机会，这是制定减少暴露策略的第一步。
2008 年至 2009 年，在明尼阿波利斯市区的两个幼儿保育中心，对 63 名年龄在 5 岁以下的非裔美国婴儿和儿童的家长进行了调查。其中 43 名儿童的唾液可替宁水平进行了评估。
生活在贫困线以下的父母更有可能报告说，他们的孩子经常受到家人/朋友的 SHS 暴露（p = 0.01）。68%的参与者报告完全禁止在家中吸烟，这与孩子的健康提供者的建议显著相关（p = 0.001）。不吸烟者和年长的父母更不可能获得建议（p = 0.03）。在评估可替宁水平的 43 名儿童中，有 39.5%的儿童的水平>0.64ng/ml，这表明他们受到了高水平的 SHS 暴露。较低的可替宁水平与居住在独立式房屋显著相关。
在这项研究中，儿童接触 SHS 的情况很常见。如果这些发现得到进一步研究的支持，它们可以被用来制定和传播有关儿童 SHS 来源/负面影响和减少暴露策略的有针对性的健康信息。
