WellShare International, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2010 Dec;39(6 Suppl 1):S48-55. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.09.009.
Somalis compose the largest African refugee group in the U.S., with more than 55,000 primary arrivals since 2000. Minnesota has the largest Somali population in the U.S. Despite its size, little research has been conducted to determine the extent of tobacco use among Somali youth.
This paper reports the results from a knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) survey designed to explore factors related to tobacco-use prevention, initiation, and cessation, and to reliably estimate tobacco-use prevalence among Somali youth in grades 9 through 12 in Minnesota.
A KAP survey, modeled after validated state and national youth tobacco-use surveys, was adapted for Somali youth and administered to ethnically Somali youth (N = 302) from seven high schools in Minnesota in 2008. Participants were chosen through probability-proportional-to-size and multi-stage random sampling methods, and the results were analyzed in 2009.
Somali high school students' estimated prevalence for "ever-users" of cigarettes was 12.8%, and current use was 4.7%. This is one quarter of the reported statewide smoking prevalence for Minnesota high school students (19.1%) and half of the nationwide prevalence for blacks/African Americans (11.6%). Ever-users were more likely to have close friends or live with someone who smoked cigarettes (p < 0.01). Belief in the Islamic prohibition of tobacco affected future intention to use tobacco (p < 0.01), as did the belief that using hookah/sheisha is less risky than smoking cigarettes (p < 0.01).
Estimated cigarette use prevalence (4.7%) for Somali youth was substantially lower than among Minnesota high school students and also lower than perceived prevalence among Somalis. Positive peer pressure and religion appear to be protective factors in tobacco use and should be integrated into future Somali tobacco prevention and cessation programs, along with education on the risks of hookah/sheisha use.
索马里人是美国最大的非洲难民群体，自 2000 年以来，已有超过 55000 名主要难民抵达美国。明尼苏达州拥有美国最大的索马里人口。尽管规模庞大，但几乎没有研究来确定索马里青年的烟草使用程度。
本文报告了一项知识、态度和实践（KAP）调查的结果，该调查旨在探讨与烟草使用预防、开始和戒烟相关的因素，并可靠地估计明尼苏达州 9 至 12 年级索马里青年的烟草使用流行率。
KAP 调查是根据经过验证的州和国家青年烟草使用调查模型设计的，适用于索马里青年，并于 2008 年在明尼苏达州的七所高中对 302 名索马里青年进行了调查。参与者是通过概率比例和多阶段随机抽样方法选择的，结果于 2009 年进行了分析。
索马里高中生对“曾使用者”的香烟估计流行率为 12.8%，当前使用率为 4.7%。这是明尼苏达州高中生报告的全州吸烟率（19.1%）的四分之一，也是黑人/非裔美国人（11.6%）全国流行率的一半。曾使用者更有可能有亲密的朋友或与吸烟的人同住（p < 0.01）。相信伊斯兰教禁止吸烟会影响未来使用烟草的意图（p < 0.01），而相信使用水烟/水烟管的风险低于吸烟（p < 0.01）也是如此。
索马里青年的估计香烟使用率（4.7%）明显低于明尼苏达州高中生，也低于索马里人认为的流行率。积极的同伴压力和宗教似乎是烟草使用的保护因素，应该将其纳入未来的索马里烟草预防和戒烟计划，同时还应开展关于水烟/水烟管使用风险的教育。
