State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
Chemosphere. 2011 Jan;82(5):759-63. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.077. Epub 2010 Nov 13.
The iron foundry industry is considered to be a potential source of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). This study investigated the emission factors and total emission amounts of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) from iron foundries in China. The concentrations and the World Health Organization toxicity equivalents (WHO-TEQs) are presented and the congener profiles are discussed in this paper. In the present work, 26 fly ash samples were collected and tested to quantify the PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs generated by 14 plants of different scales, and five stack gas samples were collected from two (named as EFG and LFG) of those plants. The emission levels of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs indicated that hot-air cupolas had lower emissions than cold-air cupolas. When iron ore lump and sinter were used as raw material, the emission factors were about 250ng TEQt(-1) of product. However, if the raw material was scrap, the emission factors varied owing to the different contents of organic materials in the raw materials. It was found that the mean WHO-TEQ values of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs were 144 and 34.2pgNm(-3) in stack gas and 20.0 and 1.58pgg(-1) in fly ash. In multiple tests, it was estimated that the mean emission factors of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs were 365 and 10.9ng WHO-TEQt(-1) released to residue and 2719 and 555ng TEQt(-1) released to air. The total emission amounts of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs from Chinese iron foundries with cupola furnaces released to residue and air were 16.8 and 146g WHO-TEQ in 2008, respectively.
钢铁铸造行业被认为是多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDD/Fs）的潜在来源。本研究调查了中国钢铁铸造厂PCDD/Fs 和类二恶英多氯联苯（DL-PCBs）的排放因子和总排放量。本文介绍了浓度和世界卫生组织毒性当量（WHO-TEQ），并讨论了同系物分布。在本工作中，收集了 26 个飞灰样品，对来自 14 家不同规模工厂的 PCDD/Fs 和 DL-PCBs 进行了定量分析，从其中两家（EFG 和 LFG）收集了 5 个烟道气样品。PCDD/Fs 和 DL-PCBs 的排放水平表明，热空气冲天炉的排放低于冷空气冲天炉。当使用块状铁矿石和烧结矿作为原料时，其排放因子约为 250ng TEQ/t 产品。然而，如果使用废钢作为原料，由于原料中有机物质含量的不同，排放因子会有所变化。研究发现，烟道气中 PCDD/Fs 和 DL-PCBs 的 WHO-TEQ 平均值分别为 144 和 34.2pg Nm(-3)，飞灰中分别为 20.0 和 1.58pg g(-1)。在多次测试中，估计 PCDD/Fs 和 DL-PCBs 的平均排放因子分别为 365 和 10.9ng WHO-TEQ/t 排入残渣和 2719 和 555ng TEQ/t 排入空气。2008 年，采用冲天炉的中国钢铁铸造厂 PCDD/Fs 和 DL-PCBs 分别以残渣和空气形式向环境排放 16.8 和 146g WHO-TEQ。
