母婴传播 HIV：发病机制、机制和途径。
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV: pathogenesis, mechanisms and pathways.
机构信息
Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
出版信息
Clin Perinatol. 2010 Dec;37(4):721-37, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2010.08.004.
More than 400,000 children were infected with (HIV-1) worldwide in 2008, or more than 1000 children per day. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 is the most important mode of HIV acquisition in infants and children. MTCT of HIV-1 can occur in utero, intrapartum, and postnatally through breastfeeding. Great progress has been made in preventing such transmission, through the use of antiretroviral prophylactic regimens to the mother during gestation and labor and delivery and to either mother or infant during breast feeding. The timing and mechanisms of transmission, however, are multifactorial and remain incompletely understood. This article summarizes what is known about the pathogenetic mechanisms and routes of MTCT of HIV-1, and includes virologic, immunologic, genetic, and mucosal aspects of transmission.
2008 年，全世界有超过 40 万名儿童感染（HIV-1），即每天有超过 1000 名儿童感染。母婴传播（MTCT）是婴儿和儿童感染 HIV-1 的最重要方式。HIV-1 可以通过宫内、分娩过程中和通过母乳喂养在围生期传播。通过在妊娠和分娩期间以及在母乳喂养期间向母亲使用抗逆转录病毒预防性方案，在预防这种传播方面已经取得了巨大进展。然而，传播的时间和机制是多因素的，仍然不完全清楚。本文总结了关于 HIV-1 母婴传播的发病机制和途径的已知内容，包括病毒学、免疫学、遗传学和黏膜方面的传播。
Zotero 插件