Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec, Montréal, Canada.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2010 Dec 27;365(1560):4051-63. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0208.
The pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis specifies that closely related species or populations experiencing different ecological conditions should differ in a suite of metabolic, hormonal and immunity traits that have coevolved with the life-history particularities related to these conditions. Surprisingly, two important dimensions of the POLS concept have been neglected: (i) despite increasing evidence for numerous connections between behavioural, physiological and life-history traits, behaviours have rarely been considered in the POLS yet; (ii) the POLS could easily be applied to the study of covariation among traits between individuals within a population. In this paper, we propose that consistent behavioural differences among individuals, or personality, covary with life history and physiological differences at the within-population, interpopulation and interspecific levels. We discuss how the POLS provides a heuristic framework in which personality studies can be integrated to address how variation in personality traits is maintained within populations.
生活节奏综合征（POLS）假说指定，在经历不同生态条件的密切相关的物种或种群中，应该在一系列代谢、激素和免疫特征上存在差异，这些特征是与这些条件相关的生活史特殊性共同进化而来的。令人惊讶的是，POLS 概念的两个重要方面被忽视了：（i）尽管有越来越多的证据表明行为、生理和生活史特征之间存在许多联系，但行为在 POLS 中很少被考虑；（ii）POLS 可以很容易地应用于研究种群内个体之间特征的协变。在本文中，我们提出个体之间一致的行为差异，或个性，与个体内、个体间和种间水平的生活史和生理差异相关。我们讨论了 POLS 如何提供一个启发式框架，在这个框架中可以整合个性研究，以解决个性特征的变异性如何在种群内得以维持。
