Department of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Hinterkappelen, Switzerland.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2010 Dec 27;365(1560):4089-98. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0177.
Consistent individual differences in behavioural types may not only cause variation in life-history decisions, but may also affect the choice of social partners and sociality in general. Here, we tested whether and how behavioural type influences the establishment of social ties using the cooperatively breeding cichlid, Neolamprologus pulcher. In a habitat saturation experiment with individuals pre-tested for behavioural type, we first analysed whether behavioural type affected the likelihood of settlement (i.e. social status), group sizes, and the types of dominant and subordinate individuals accepted as group members. Corrected for effects of body size and sex, the behavioural type did not affect settlement. However, bold dominant males only accepted smaller females, and grouped with bold subordinates, while shy dominant males accepted larger females than themselves, and grouped with shy subordinates. Second, we analysed the relationships between behavioural type and the aggressiveness or affiliation social network. Behavioural type significantly affected the number and quality of connections within the two networks. We show that behavioural types affect group composition, social networks and status achieved, in interaction with body size. Thus, the interactions within groups may depend not only on age, size and sex, but also on the behavioural type of the individuals involved.
行为类型的个体差异可能不仅导致生活史决策的变化，还可能影响社会伙伴的选择和总体社交性。在这里，我们使用具有合作繁殖特性的慈鲷鱼 Neolamprologus pulcher 测试了行为类型是否以及如何影响社会联系的建立。在对个体进行行为类型预测试的栖息地饱和实验中，我们首先分析了行为类型是否影响定居（即社会地位）的可能性、群体大小以及作为群体成员接受的支配和从属个体的类型。在纠正了体型和性别影响后，行为类型不影响定居。然而，大胆的支配雄性只接受较小的雌性，与大胆的从属者分组，而害羞的支配雄性接受比自己更大的雌性，并与害羞的从属者分组。其次，我们分析了行为类型与攻击性或亲和性社会网络之间的关系。行为类型显著影响两个网络中的连接数量和质量。我们表明，行为类型与体型相互作用，影响群体组成、社会网络和获得的地位。因此，群体内部的相互作用不仅取决于年龄、体型和性别，还取决于个体的行为类型。
