Anderson Steven, Cockrell Jean, Beller Pat, Murphy Elizabeth, Nelson Pat, Hawkins Myra, Cederna-Moss Joan
Emergency Department, Rex Healthcare, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, USA.
J Infus Nurs. 2010 Nov-Dec;33(6):353-61. doi: 10.1097/NAN.0b013e3181f85628.
The purpose of this study was to compare a variety of local anesthetic agents before starting an intravenous (i.v.) device to determine which method is the most comfortable for patients. Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pretest-posttest experimental design, the study compared 5 treatment groups (anesthetic spray, placebo spray, anesthetic intradermal injection, placebo intradermal injection, and a control group with no local anesthetic agent) in 84 emergency department patients. Pain was measured with a visual analog scale before and after the application of the local anesthetic agents and after i.v. insertion. Pain was significantly higher in the anesthetic intradermal injection group 1 minute after anesthetic application compared with the other treatment groups. Pain ratings 3 minutes after i.v. insertion were found to be similar for the 5 treatment groups. These study results do not support the use of intradermal anesthetic agents before i.v. catheter insertion.
本研究的目的是在开始静脉（i.v.）置管前比较多种局部麻醉剂，以确定哪种方法对患者而言最舒适。该研究采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、前后测实验设计，对84例急诊科患者的5个治疗组（麻醉喷雾、安慰剂喷雾、麻醉皮内注射、安慰剂皮内注射以及无局部麻醉剂的对照组）进行了比较。在应用局部麻醉剂之前和之后以及静脉置管后，使用视觉模拟量表测量疼痛程度。与其他治疗组相比，麻醉皮内注射组在应用麻醉剂1分钟后的疼痛程度明显更高。发现5个治疗组在静脉置管3分钟后的疼痛评分相似。这些研究结果不支持在静脉导管插入前使用皮内麻醉剂。
