Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy.
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2010 Nov;10(11):1837-51. doi: 10.1586/era.10.105.
Most of the tumors typical of adult age, that is, gastrointestinal cancers, melanoma, lung and breast cancers, and carcinomas of the head and neck, may also occur - albeit very rarely - in children, and pediatric oncologists have defined them as 'rare (or very rare) pediatric tumors'. Given the scarce data available in the literature, the clinical management of children with these tumor types is a real challenge for pediatric oncologists and surgeons. Adult tumors often differ in many aspects from the malignancies typical of pediatric age, and the diagnostic and treatment guidelines adopted for children when they develop 'adult' cancers are generally extrapolated from those applied to adults. However, the biology and clinical course of some adult tumors seem to change when they occur in children, thus suggesting the need for tailored approaches. This article describes a few such tumors and points to the need for forms of international cooperation with a view to gaining a better understanding of these particular conditions and improving patient management.
大多数发生于成年期的肿瘤，即胃肠道癌、黑色素瘤、肺癌和乳腺癌以及头颈部癌，也可能发生在儿童中，尽管极为罕见，儿科肿瘤学家将其定义为“罕见（或极罕见）的儿童肿瘤”。鉴于文献中可用的数据很少，儿科肿瘤学家和外科医生在治疗这些肿瘤类型的儿童时面临着真正的挑战。成人肿瘤在许多方面与儿科典型的恶性肿瘤不同，当儿童发生“成人”癌症时采用的诊断和治疗指南通常是从适用于成人的指南中推断出来的。然而，当一些成人肿瘤发生在儿童中时，其生物学和临床过程似乎会发生变化，因此需要采取有针对性的方法。本文描述了几种此类肿瘤，并指出需要开展国际合作，以便更好地了解这些特殊情况并改善患者管理。
