Ebrahimi Seyyed Mahmoud, Tebianian Majid
Department of Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Tehran, Iran.
Virus Genes. 2011 Feb;42(1):1-8. doi: 10.1007/s11262-010-0547-7. Epub 2010 Nov 17.
The threat of highly virulent avian influenza, such as H5N1 and swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses, bring out an urgent need to develop a universal influenza vaccine, which may provide cross-protection against different strain of influenza A viruses. The extra-domain of influenza M2 protein (M2e), which is almost completely conserved among all subtypes of influenza A viruses, is considered as a promising candidate target for the development of a broad-spectrum recombinant influenza A vaccine. The results of several preclinical studies with M2e protein, with or without carriers, have already proved the successful protection of M2e-based vaccinated animal model against lethal challenge of heterologous and homologous influenza A viruses. Recently, the results of Phase I/II clinical trail studies with M2e-based vaccines have raised hopes for considering these vaccines against seasonal and pandemic influenza A strains. Hence, it is expected that more and more effective and safe universal influenza vaccines based on M2e will be developed for prevention of seasonal and pandemic influenza in the near future.
高致病性禽流感的威胁，如H5N1和猪源H1N1流感病毒，凸显了开发通用流感疫苗的迫切需求，这种疫苗可能对不同株甲型流感病毒提供交叉保护。甲型流感病毒所有亚型中几乎完全保守的流感M2蛋白（M2e）的额外结构域，被认为是开发广谱重组甲型流感疫苗的一个有前景的候选靶点。几项使用M2e蛋白（有无载体）的临床前研究结果，已经证明基于M2e的疫苗接种动物模型成功抵御了异源和同源甲型流感病毒的致死性攻击。最近，基于M2e的疫苗的I/II期临床试验结果，让人们对考虑使用这些疫苗对抗季节性和大流行性甲型流感毒株抱有希望。因此，预计在不久的将来会开发出越来越多基于M2e的有效且安全的通用流感疫苗，用于预防季节性和大流行性流感。
