Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research Center, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
PLoS Pathog. 2010 Nov 11;6(11):e1001147. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001147.
The immune system in the gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in the control of infection, as it constitutes the first line of defense against mucosal pathogens. The attractive features of oral immunization have led to the exploration of a variety of oral delivery systems. However, none of these oral delivery systems have been applied to existing commercial vaccines. To overcome this, a new generation of oral vaccine delivery systems that target antigens to gut-associated lymphoid tissue is required. One promising approach is to exploit the potential of microfold (M) cells by mimicking the entry of pathogens into these cells. Targeting specific receptors on the apical surface of M cells might enhance the entry of antigens, initiating the immune response and consequently leading to protection against mucosal pathogens. In this article, we briefly review the challenges associated with current oral vaccine delivery systems and discuss strategies that might potentially target mouse and human intestinal M cells.
胃肠道中的免疫系统在控制感染方面起着至关重要的作用，因为它是抵御黏膜病原体的第一道防线。口服免疫的诱人特点促使人们探索了各种口服递送系统。然而，这些口服递送系统都没有应用于现有的商业疫苗。为了克服这一难题，需要开发新一代针对肠道相关淋巴组织的抗原的口服疫苗递送系统。一种很有前途的方法是通过模拟病原体进入这些细胞的方式来利用微褶皱（M）细胞的潜力。针对 M 细胞顶表面上的特定受体可能会增强抗原的进入，从而引发免疫反应，最终对黏膜病原体产生保护作用。本文简要回顾了当前口服疫苗递送系统所面临的挑战，并讨论了可能针对小鼠和人肠道 M 细胞的策略。
