State University at Campinas School of Medical Sciences, Campinas, Brazil.
J Bras Pneumol. 2010 Sep-Oct;36(5):603-11. doi: 10.1590/s1806-37132010000500012.
To describe the reasons smokers give for seeking smoking cessation treatment, correlating those reasons with sociodemographic characteristics, clinical data, stage of readiness to change, and severity of nicotine dependence.
Between February of 2008 and February of 2009, we evaluated 53 smokers who were naive to smoking cessation treatment and sought such treatment at the psychoactive substance abuse outpatient clinic of a university general hospital. The instruments used in the study were as follows: a form for the collection of sociodemographic and clinical data; the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment scale; and a questionnaire on the smoking habit.
The sample comprised 34 women and 19 men, with a mean age of 48.1 years. Most of the participants had less than 8 years of schooling, had tobacco-related diseases, started smoking during adolescence, had smoked for more than 20 years, and had high nicotine dependence. The decision to quit smoking was mainly influenced by advice from family members, and the decision to seek specialized smoking cessation treatment was influenced by physicians. Most of the men were in the contemplation stage of change, whereas the women tended to have a more balanced distribution of the stages (p = 0.007). The women had attempted to quit smoking more often than had the men (p = 0.017) and also had a higher level of nicotine dependence (p = 0.053).
The findings of this study highlight the role of health professionals in the approach to smoking cessation and suggest the importance of interventions that are more targeted, in view of the differences between men and women.
描述吸烟者寻求戒烟治疗的原因，并将这些原因与社会人口统计学特征、临床数据、改变准备阶段和尼古丁依赖严重程度相关联。
2008 年 2 月至 2009 年 2 月，我们评估了 53 名对戒烟治疗一无所知且在大学综合医院的精神活性物质滥用门诊寻求这种治疗的吸烟者。研究中使用的工具如下：社会人口统计学和临床数据收集表、尼古丁依赖 Fagerström 测试、罗得岛大学改变评估量表和吸烟习惯问卷。
该样本包括 34 名女性和 19 名男性，平均年龄为 48.1 岁。大多数参与者受教育程度不足 8 年，患有与烟草有关的疾病，在青少年时期开始吸烟，吸烟超过 20 年，尼古丁依赖程度高。戒烟的决定主要受到家庭成员的建议的影响，而寻求专门的戒烟治疗的决定则受到医生的影响。大多数男性处于改变的思考阶段，而女性则倾向于更平衡地分布在各个阶段（p = 0.007）。女性尝试戒烟的次数多于男性（p = 0.017），尼古丁依赖程度也更高（p = 0.053）。
这项研究的结果强调了卫生专业人员在戒烟方法中的作用，并表明需要采取更有针对性的干预措施，因为男性和女性之间存在差异。
