Fu Marcela, Martínez-Sánchez Jose M, López María J, Nebot Manel, Raich Antonia, Fernández Esteve
Unidad de Control del Tabaquismo, Programa de Prevención y Control del Cáncer, Institut Català d’Oncologia - ICO. Av. Gran Via de L’Hospitalet, 199-203. 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona).
Adicciones. 2011;23(2):103-9.
To describe the nicotine dependence and readiness to quit smoking in the smoker population.
Cross-sectional study on a representative sample of the Spanish population of >=18 years old. We gathered information by means of telephone interviews conducted between June and July of 2006. We studied the nicotine dependence with the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the readiness to quit according to the stages of change from the Transtheoretical Model in a sample of cigarette smokers.
22.5% of participants (95% CI: 20.9-24.2%) smokers cigarettes. They smoked an average of 14.4 cigarettes per day (standard deviation 9.15) and the mean FTND score was 2.8, with no differences by the stages of change. 64.3% (95% CI: 60.3-68.2%) of smokers were in the precontemplation stage, 25.4% (95% CI: 21.8-28.9%) in contemplation, and 10.4% (95% CI: 7.9-12.9%) in preparation, with no differences by sex. The most nicotine dependent smokers (FTND>=6) had mainly primary studies, started to smoke at earlier ages, and smoked more cigarettes per day.
Most Spanish smokers have low nicotine dependence and are in precontemplation stage. Smoking cessation programmes should be addressed to reduce dependence, help smokers to progress through the stages of change, and, consequently, reduce the prevalence of smokers in the population.
描述吸烟者群体中的尼古丁依赖情况及戒烟意愿。
对西班牙年龄≥18岁的具有代表性人群样本进行横断面研究。我们于2006年6月至7月通过电话访谈收集信息。在吸烟者样本中，我们使用尼古丁依赖的法格斯特罗姆测试（FTND）研究尼古丁依赖情况，并根据跨理论模型的改变阶段研究戒烟意愿。
22.5%的参与者（95%置信区间：20.9 - 24.2%）吸烟。他们平均每天吸14.4支烟（标准差9.15），FTND平均得分为2.8，在不同改变阶段无差异。64.3%（95%置信区间：60.3 - 68.2%）的吸烟者处于未考虑阶段，25.4%（95%置信区间：21.8 - 28.9%）处于考虑阶段，10.4%（95%置信区间：7.9 - 12.9%）处于准备阶段，在性别上无差异。尼古丁依赖程度最高的吸烟者（FTND≥6）主要接受过初等教育，开始吸烟的年龄较早，且每天吸烟更多。
大多数西班牙吸烟者尼古丁依赖程度较低且处于未考虑阶段。应开展戒烟项目以降低依赖程度，帮助吸烟者在改变阶段取得进展，从而降低人群中吸烟者的患病率。
