Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0429, USA.
Transfusion. 2011 Apr;51(4):710-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02937.x. Epub 2010 Nov 18.
While there have been epidemiologic studies of blood donors, the characteristics of individuals who receive transfusions have not been well described for the US population.
Subjects were from the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study whose data were linked to Medicare files from 1991 through 2007 (n = 16,377). A cohort study was conducted to assess the frequency of transfusion in older Americans over time and to describe the characteristics of blood recipients.
Thirty-one percent (95% confidence interval [CI], 30%-33%) of older Americans received at least one transfusion within a 10-year period and 5.8% (95% CI, 5.4%-6.2%) experienced repeated transfusion-related visits within 30 days. The mean number of transfusion-related visits was 2.3 over a 10-year period (95% CI, 2.2-2.4). Older Americans who lived in the South were most likely to receive a transfusion (34%), independent of demographic and health-related factors, while those who lived in the western United States were the least likely (26%). Predictors of transfusion included smoking, low body mass index, and a history of cancer, diabetes mellitus, end-stage renal disease, and heart disease. African-Americans and Mexican-Americans had greater rates of blood utilization than other races and other Hispanics (respectively). There were also differences in transfusion utilization by education, marital status, religion, and alcohol use.
Transfusion is common in older Americans. Regional variations in blood use are not explained by patient characteristics alone.
虽然已有针对献血者的流行病学研究，但对于美国人群，尚未很好地描述接受输血者的特征。
研究对象来自具有全国代表性的健康与退休研究（Health and Retirement Study），其数据与 1991 年至 2007 年的医疗保险档案相关联（n=16377）。进行了一项队列研究，以评估美国老年人在一段时间内输血的频率，并描述血液接受者的特征。
31%（95%置信区间[CI]，30%-33%）的美国老年人在 10 年内至少接受过一次输血，5.8%（95%CI，5.4%-6.2%）在 30 天内经历过重复的输血相关就诊。10 年内输血相关就诊的平均次数为 2.3 次（95%CI，2.2-2.4）。无论人口统计学和健康相关因素如何，居住在美国南部的老年人最有可能接受输血（34%），而居住在美国西部的老年人最不可能接受输血（26%）。输血的预测因素包括吸烟、低体重指数以及癌症、糖尿病、终末期肾病和心脏病史。非裔美国人和墨西哥裔美国人的血液利用率高于其他种族和其他西班牙裔人（分别为）。输血利用率也因教育程度、婚姻状况、宗教信仰和饮酒习惯的不同而存在差异。
输血在老年美国人中很常见。仅用患者特征无法解释血液使用的区域差异。
