Department of Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011 May;22(5):485-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02030.x. Epub 2010 Nov 19.
A re-pneumatization phenomenon was recorded in sinuses grafted with different materials. The specific aims of this paper were to assess the dental implant survival rate and the behavior of marginal and apical bone remodeling around dental implants placed following sinus augmentation.
A retrospective study was conducted on consecutive patients treated in two surgical centers. Different surgical techniques were adopted for sinus augmentation: simultaneous or delayed dental implant insertion with bovine bone-material augmentation or autologous bone grafting (chin and iliac crest). Survival rates were recorded for the overall number of implants (patients of group A). Apical and marginal bone levels (ABL and MBL, respectively) were radiographically measured, and statistical analysis was performed in implants of a subgroup of patients (group B).
A total of 282 dental implants were positioned. Recorded cumulative survival rates (CSRs) were 95.6% and 100% for autogenous and bovine bone material, respectively, while CSRs at 2-year follow-up for immediate and delayed procedures were 99.3% and 96.5%. For the subgroup B, 57 sinus augmentation procedures were performed in 39 patients, with the positioning of 154 implants. Generally, the apical- and marginal-bone resorption of the bovine bone-material group was less than that of the autogenous group. The differences between the ABL values of the bovine bone-material and iliac-crest groups were statistically significant at 1 year, whereas this significance disappeared at the 2-year follow-up; tests showed that a statistical difference was recorded in the bovine bone-material group between the 1- and 2-year follow-ups. With regard to MBL comparisons between simultaneous and delayed implantation, the differences maintained their significance at the 2-year follow-up also.
Differences regarding apical bone alteration between autogenous bone from the iliac crest and bovine bone material at the 1- and 2-year follow-ups, as well as in the bovine bone-material group between the 1- and 2-year follow-ups, attested to slower but more prolonged physiologic bone remodeling in the bovine-graft-material group than in the autogenous-bone group. The MBL analysis showed that remodeling in the delayed implant group demonstrated a greater resorption in the cervical portion than was seen in the simultaneous implant group.
不同材料移植的鼻窦中记录到再充气现象。本文的具体目的是评估鼻窦增大后植入牙种植体的牙种植体存活率和边缘及根尖骨重塑的行为。
对在两个外科中心接受治疗的连续患者进行回顾性研究。鼻窦增大采用不同的手术技术：牛骨材料增加或自体骨移植（颏部和髂嵴）的同时或延迟牙种植体插入。总体种植体数量的存活率（A 组患者）进行记录。对亚组患者（B 组）的种植体进行根尖和边缘骨水平（ABL 和 MBL）的放射测量，并进行统计学分析。
共定位 282 个牙种植体。自体和牛骨材料的累积存活率（CSR）分别为 95.6%和 100%，而即时和延迟手术的 2 年随访 CSR 分别为 99.3%和 96.5%。对于亚组 B，39 名患者进行了 57 次鼻窦增大手术，共定位 154 个种植体。一般来说，牛骨材料组的根尖和边缘骨吸收小于自体骨组。牛骨材料组和髂嵴组的 ABL 值在 1 年时差异具有统计学意义，而在 2 年随访时这种差异消失；测试表明，牛骨材料组在 1 年和 2 年随访之间记录到了统计学差异。关于同期和延迟植入的 MBL 比较，在 2 年随访时，差异仍然具有显著性。
在 1 年和 2 年随访时，自体髂骨和牛骨材料之间以及牛骨材料组在 1 年和 2 年随访之间的根尖骨改变的差异表明，牛骨材料组的生理骨重塑更慢但更持久。MBL 分析表明，延迟植入组的重塑在颈部部位的吸收大于同期植入组。
