Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Am J Hypertens. 2011 Feb;24(2):162-8. doi: 10.1038/ajh.2010.227. Epub 2010 Nov 18.
Polyphenols in red wine are supposed to improve endothelial function. We investigated whether daily red wine consumption improves in-vivo vascular function by reducing endothelin-1 (ET-1). Additional pathways mediating this effect were studied using porcine coronary arteries (PCAs).
Eighteen young healthy women drank red wine daily for 3 weeks. Vascular function was evaluated by determining forearm blood flow (FBF) responses to endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine (ACh)) and endothelium-independent (sodium nitroprusside (SNP)) vasodilators. PCAs were suspended in organ baths and exposed to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator bradykinin, the nitric oxide (NO) donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-L,L-penicillamine (SNAP) and/or red wine extract (RWE).
ACh-induced and SNP-induced FBF increases were equally enhanced after 3 weeks of red wine consumption, but an immediate enhancement (i.e., after drinking the first glass) was not observed. Vice versa, plasma ET-1 levels were not decreased after 3 weeks, but we observed an acute drop after drinking one glass of wine. RWE relaxed preconstricted PCAs in an endothelium-, NO-, and soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC)/guanosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent manner. Short RWE exposure reduced the response to bradykinin and SNAP by inactivating sGC. This effect disappeared upon prolonged RWE exposure.
The enhanced FBF response following 3 weeks of red wine consumption, but not after one glass, reflects a change in smooth muscle sensitivity. Alterations in sGC responsiveness/activity, rather than changes in ET-1, appear to underlie this phenomenon.
红葡萄酒中的多酚据称可以改善内皮功能。我们研究了每日饮用红葡萄酒是否可以通过降低内皮素-1（ET-1）来改善体内血管功能。使用猪冠状动脉（PCAs）研究了介导这种作用的其他途径。
18 名年轻健康的女性连续 3 周每天饮用红葡萄酒。通过测定前臂血流（FBF）对内皮依赖性（乙酰胆碱（ACh））和内皮非依赖性（硝普钠（SNP））血管扩张剂的反应来评估血管功能。将 PCA 悬挂在器官浴中，并暴露于内皮依赖性血管扩张剂缓激肽、一氧化氮（NO）供体 S-亚硝基-N-乙酰-L，L-青霉胺（SNAP）和/或红酒提取物（RWE）。
红葡萄酒饮用 3 周后，ACh 诱导和 SNP 诱导的 FBF 增加均得到同等增强，但未观察到即时增强（即，饮用第一杯后）。相反，饮用 3 周后，血浆 ET-1 水平没有降低，但我们观察到饮用一杯酒后立即下降。RWE 以内皮依赖性、NO 依赖性和可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶（sGC）/鸟苷-3'，5'-环单磷酸（cGMP）依赖性方式使预先收缩的 PCA 松弛。RWE 的短期暴露通过使 sGC 失活来降低对缓激肽和 SNAP 的反应。这种作用在长时间暴露于 RWE 后消失。
红葡萄酒饮用 3 周后 FBF 反应增强，但仅饮用一杯后并未增强，这反映了平滑肌敏感性的变化。sGC 反应性/活性的改变而不是 ET-1 的改变似乎是这种现象的基础。
