Patel Shuchi, Pasquale Louis R
Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Glaucoma Service, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Semin Ophthalmol. 2010 Sep-Nov;25(5-6):265-70. doi: 10.3109/08820538.2010.518840.
Glaucoma drainage devices are more frequently being used for glaucoma filtering surgeries, even those at low risk for failure with trabeculectomy. There are 4 major devices available: the Molteno, Baerveldt, Krupin, and Ahmed. The Molteno and Baerveldt are non-valved implants, while the Krupin and Ahmed are valved. The success rates of the different valves are about equal at approximately 70% with a mean intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering of at least 50% from the pre-operative IOP. Unfortunately, the failure rate is about 10% per year, leading to only 50% functional drainage devices at 5 years. Therefore, research on the biomaterials, shape, and technique of drainage implant surgery is being done in hopes of increasing long term success rates.
青光眼引流装置在青光眼滤过手术中使用得越来越频繁，即使是那些小梁切除术失败风险较低的手术。目前有4种主要的装置：莫尔滕诺（Molteno）、贝尔维尔德（Baerveldt）、克鲁平（Krupin）和艾哈迈德（Ahmed）。莫尔滕诺和贝尔维尔德是无瓣膜植入物，而克鲁平和艾哈迈德是有瓣膜的。不同瓣膜的成功率大致相同，约为70%，平均眼压（IOP）比术前眼压降低至少50%。不幸的是，每年的失败率约为10%，导致5年后只有50%的引流装置仍能正常工作。因此，目前正在对引流植入手术的生物材料、形状和技术进行研究，以期提高长期成功率。
