School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2010 Dec;42(4):405-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2010.01363.x. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
Nurses are often called upon to play the role of first responder when disaster occurs. Yet the lack of accepted competencies and gaps in education make it difficult to recruit nurses prepared to respond to a disaster and provide assistance in an effective manner.
Based on the International Council of Nurses (ICN) Framework of Disaster Nursing Competencies and Global Standards for the Initial Education of Professional Nurses and Midwives, a training course titled "Introduction to Disaster Nursing" was designed and implemented with 150 students. A pre-post survey design was used to assess changes in participants' self-rated disaster nursing competencies. The impact of the training course on participants' attitudes toward disaster nursing and their learning experience were also assessed.
All participants passed the assessments and examination with an average score of 70%. Pre- and posttraining self-ratings of the disaster nursing competencies increased from 2.09 to 3.71 (p < .001) on a Likert scale of 1 to 5, and the effect size was large, with Cohen's d higher than 0.8. No significant difference in both examination results (60% group assignments; 40% written examination) and self-rated competencies was noted between the senior year students and graduate nurse participants by Mann-Whitney U test (p value = .90). The majority of participants indicated their willingness to participate as a helper in disaster relief and saw themselves competent to work under supervision.
The ICN Framework of Disaster Nursing Competencies was instrumental to guide the training curriculum development. This introductory training course could be incorporated into undergraduate nursing education programs as well as serve as a continuing education program for graduate nurses.
The training program can be used for preparing generalist nurses of their nursing competencies in disaster preparedness, response and post-disaster recovery and rehabilitation.
当灾难发生时，护士经常被要求扮演急救人员的角色。然而，由于缺乏公认的能力和教育差距，难以招募到准备好应对灾难并以有效方式提供援助的护士。
基于国际护士理事会（ICN）的灾难护理能力框架和全球专业护士和助产士初始教育标准，设计并实施了一门名为“灾难护理导论”的培训课程，共有 150 名学生参加。采用前后测设计评估参与者自我评估的灾难护理能力的变化。还评估了培训课程对参与者对灾难护理的态度及其学习经验的影响。
所有参与者都通过了评估和考试，平均成绩为 70%。灾难护理能力的自我评估在培训前后从 2.09 提高到 3.71（p<0.001），在 1 到 5 的李克特量表上，效果量较大，Cohen's d 高于 0.8。在高年级学生和研究生护士参与者之间，通过 Mann-Whitney U 检验，考试成绩（60%小组作业；40%书面考试）和自我评估能力均无显著差异（p 值=0.90）。大多数参与者表示愿意作为救援人员参与救灾，并认为自己有能力在监督下工作。
ICN 灾难护理能力框架有助于指导培训课程的开发。该入门培训课程可以纳入本科护理教育课程，也可以作为研究生护士的继续教育课程。
该培训计划可用于培养普通护士在灾难准备、应对和灾后恢复和康复方面的护理能力。
