Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 4, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
Br J Nutr. 2011 Mar;105(6):816-26. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510004526. Epub 2010 Nov 23.
The effect of raw cabbage and sauerkraut juices on the expression and activity of phase II enzymes, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), in the rat liver and kidney was compared with that of two commercially available products of glucosinolate degradation: indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC). Male Wistar rats were treated by oral administration with cabbage juices, I3C or PEITC for 4, 10 and 30 d. The results showed that juices, particularly sauerkraut juice as with I3C and PEITC, significantly increased GST and NQO1 activities in the rat liver. The only exception was the 30 d time point of feeding with raw cabbage juice. Cabbage juices, I3C and PEITC affected the hepatic GST μ to the greatest extent and GST α to a lesser extent. The results of the present study also showed that the treatment of rats with juices and compounds tested caused the translocation of the NF-E2-related transcription factor (Nrf2) active subunit from the cytosol to the nucleus, providing an argument for the involvement of this transcription factor in the induction of GST and NQO1. In contrast to the liver, cabbage juices affected only the renal GST θ, while treatment with I3C and PEITC significantly increased the activity of NQO1. Thus, the results of the present study indicate that induction of the key detoxifying enzymes by cabbage juices, particularly sauerkraut, may be responsible for their chemopreventive activity demonstrated by epidemiological studies and in animal models. However, the final effects might be organ or tissue dependent.
生甘蓝和酸白菜汁对大鼠肝、肾中Ⅱ相酶谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）和 NAD(P)H：醌氧化还原酶 1（NQO1）的表达和活性的影响与两种市售的硫代葡萄糖苷降解产物吲哚-3-甲醇（I3C）和苯乙基异硫氰酸酯（PEITC）进行了比较。雄性 Wistar 大鼠经口给予甘蓝汁、I3C 或 PEITC 4、10 和 30 d。结果表明，与 I3C 和 PEITC 一样，汁，特别是酸白菜汁，显著增加了大鼠肝 GST 和 NQO1 的活性。唯一的例外是喂食生甘蓝汁的 30 d 时间点。甘蓝汁、I3C 和 PEITC 对 GST μ 的影响最大，对 GST α 的影响较小。本研究结果还表明，用汁和测试化合物处理大鼠导致 NF-E2 相关转录因子（Nrf2）活性亚基从细胞质易位到细胞核，为该转录因子参与 GST 和 NQO1 的诱导提供了依据。与肝脏相反，甘蓝汁仅影响肾脏 GSTθ，而 I3C 和 PEITC 处理则显著增加了 NQO1 的活性。因此，本研究的结果表明，甘蓝汁（特别是酸白菜）对关键解毒酶的诱导可能是其通过流行病学研究和动物模型显示的化学预防活性的原因。然而，最终的影响可能取决于器官或组织。
