Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2011 Mar;108(3):532-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2010.09.007. Epub 2010 Nov 18.
The purpose of the current study was to examine further the relationship between counterfactual thinking and false belief (FB) as examined by Guajardo and Turley-Ames (Cognitive Development, 19 (2004) 53-80). More specifically, the current research examined the importance of working memory and inhibitory control in understanding the relationship between counterfactual thinking and FB. Participants were 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds (N=76). Counterfactual thinking statements generated accounted for significant variance in FB performance beyond age and language. Working memory and inhibitory control each partially mediated the relationship between counterfactual thinking and FB performance. The maturation of executive functioning skills is important in children's developing understanding of counterfactual reasoning and FB.
本研究旨在进一步探讨反事实思维与错误信念（FB）之间的关系，这一关系曾由 Guajardo 和 Turley-Ames 进行研究（《认知发展》，19（2004）53-80）。更具体地说，本研究考察了工作记忆和抑制控制在理解反事实思维与 FB 之间关系中的重要性。参与者为 3 岁、4 岁和 5 岁的儿童（N=76）。反事实思维陈述的产生，在年龄和语言之外，对 FB 表现的差异有显著影响。工作记忆和抑制控制都部分介导了反事实思维与 FB 表现之间的关系。执行功能技能的成熟对于儿童理解反事实推理和 FB 至关重要。
