Florida State University, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
J Psychiatr Res. 2011 May;45(5):603-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.10.013. Epub 2010 Nov 18.
The interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior (IPTS; Joiner, 2005) has been subjected to a number of rigorous investigations and has shown to be a promising lens through which to understand suicide. One area thus far left unstudied with respect to the IPTS is emotion dysregulation. The bulk of the work examining the role of emotion dysregulation in suicidality has focused on suicidal ideation rather than behavior, with a number of studies reporting that emotion dysregulation is predictive of suicidal ideation (e.g., Lynch et al., 2004; Orbach et al., 2007). Studies examining suicide attempts have produced more ambiguous results. One way to clarify the nature of this relationship is to consider the construct of emotion dysregulation through an examination of specific subcomponents. In this study, we examined two specific components of emotion dysregulation - negative urgency and distress tolerance - and their relationships to all three components of the IPTS, thereby providing clarity for an otherwise poorly understood relationship. Results indicated that emotionally dysregulated individuals - those with low distress tolerance and high negative urgency - exhibited higher levels of suicidal desire, as indexed by perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. In contrast, emotionally dysregulated individuals exhibited lower levels of the acquired capability for suicide and physiological pain tolerance. As such, a complicated but theoretically cogent picture emerged indicating that, although emotion dysregulation may drastically increase the likelihood of suicidal desire, it simultaneously serves as a form protection against lethal self-harm.
自杀的人际关系-心理理论（IPTS；Joiner，2005）已经经过了许多严格的调查，并且已经被证明是理解自杀的一个有前途的视角。到目前为止，关于 IPTS，有一个领域尚未进行研究，即情绪调节障碍。大量研究检查了情绪调节障碍在自杀倾向中的作用，而不是行为，许多研究报告说情绪调节障碍可以预测自杀意念（例如，Lynch 等人，2004；Orbach 等人，2007）。检查自杀企图的研究产生了更模糊的结果。澄清这种关系的一种方法是通过检查特定的子成分来考虑情绪调节障碍的结构。在这项研究中，我们检查了情绪调节障碍的两个特定成分 - 负性冲动和痛苦耐受力 - 以及它们与 IPTS 的所有三个成分的关系，从而为原本理解不佳的关系提供了清晰的认识。结果表明，情绪失调的个体 - 那些痛苦耐受力低和负性冲动高的个体 - 表现出更高水平的自杀欲望，如感知负担和受挫归属感所表明的那样。相比之下，情绪失调的个体表现出较低水平的获得自杀能力和生理疼痛耐受力。因此，出现了一幅复杂但在理论上合理的画面，表明尽管情绪失调可能大大增加自杀欲望的可能性，但它同时也起到了防止致命自残的保护作用。
