Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, Guangxi Province 530028, China.
Vet Parasitol. 2011 Feb 28;176(1):9-15. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.10.045. Epub 2010 Oct 30.
Southeast Asian macaques are hosts of a number of Plasmodium infections, some of which are transmittable to humans. During examination of blood films of five wild-caught long-tailed macaques Macaca fascicularis from South China, malaria infection was detected in one of the monkeys. In order to isolate this parasite for identification and characterization, we experimentally passed this parasite through both Assamese (M. assamensis) and rhesus (M. mulatta) monkeys by intravenous injection of infected blood. This parasite morphologically resembled Plasmodium inui, and had a typical 72 h quartan periodicity. This parasite was infective to Anopheles dirus mosquitoes, and salivary gland sporozoites appeared 13 days post feeding. Feeding by 20 infected An. dirus mosquitoes on another Assamese monkey produced infection with a prepatent period of 8 days. Molecular analysis of the small subunit rRNA genes and the mitochondrial genome confirmed this parasite as an isolate of P. inui. In spleen-intact macaques, the infection had a protracted duration with parasites being detected during the rearing of the infected monkeys for over two years. In summary, this study identified a P. inui isolate and successfully passed this parasite through Assamese monkeys by both intravenous inoculation and mosquito transmission.
东南亚长尾猕猴是多种疟原虫的宿主，其中一些疟原虫可传染给人类。在检查来自华南的五只野生长尾猕猴的血涂片时，发现其中一只猴子感染了疟疾。为了分离这种寄生虫进行鉴定和特征描述，我们通过静脉内注射感染血液，将这种寄生虫在阿萨姆猕猴（M. assamensis）和恒河猕猴（M. mulatta）中进行了实验性传播。这种寄生虫在形态上类似于间日疟原虫（Plasmodium inui），具有典型的 72 小时间日疟周期性。这种寄生虫可感染致倦库蚊（Anopheles dirus），并在感染后 13 天出现唾液腺孢子。用 20 只感染致倦库蚊对另一只阿萨姆猕猴进行叮咬，导致感染的潜伏期为 8 天。小亚单位 rRNA 基因和线粒体基因组的分子分析证实该寄生虫为间日疟原虫的一个分离株。在脾脏完整的猕猴中，感染持续时间较长，在感染猕猴饲养超过两年的时间里，都能检测到寄生虫。综上所述，本研究鉴定了一种间日疟原虫分离株，并通过静脉接种和蚊子传播成功地在阿萨姆猕猴中传播了这种寄生虫。
