Departamento de Biologia, Área de Botânica, Laboratório de Etnobotânica Aplicada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Jan 27;133(2):866-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.021. Epub 2010 Nov 18.
The loss of traditional knowledge and practices is currently a widely discussed topic in the academic literature. From this perspective, this study was constructed with the main goals of evaluating Fulni-ô Indians' knowledge about medicinal plants and how this knowledge is influenced by age and gender. Additionally, this study seeks to identify the sites where these resources are collected.
In order to meet our intended objectives, we performed a stratified sampling of the population; 344 indigenous persons were interviewed in an open-ended format.
Although a total of 245 ethnospecies were mentioned overall, more than 50% of these plants were known by no more than three indigenous persons, which could indicate that such knowledge was not widely shared. Evaluating the influence of age, we identified a strong tendency for older persons to know more about medicinal plants than those in younger age groups. However, a critical analysis of the informants' age groups demonstrated that significant differences were present only among some of these groups. The oldest group of indigenous people (>75 years) had inferior knowledge about medicinal plants and the diversity of the ethnospecies they cited was similar to the younger age groups. In relation to gender, men cited a total of 196 different ethnospecies and 82 of these species were exclusive to their group. Also, men have their specific ethnospecies not mentioned by women. Women cited 165 species and 51 were exclusive to their group. This indicates that although women generally held less knowledge of ethnospecies than the men, they did discuss a set of ethnospecies that were not mentioned by men. However, men on average cited more ethnospecies than women and this data support the existence of differences between the sexes.
Despite the lack of substantial variation in the number of ethnospecies cited by men and women on the individual level, the differences between the sexes as groups were significant. Diverse collection sources were used to attend to the therapeutic needs of the Fulni-ô Indians. Among the most important collection sites, anthropogenic areas were the primary collection sites for women, followed by the Ouricuri Forest, which was the main collection site for male indigenous persons.
传统知识和实践的丧失是目前学术文献中广泛讨论的话题。从这个角度来看，本研究的主要目标是评估富尔尼奥印第安人对药用植物的知识，以及这种知识如何受到年龄和性别影响。此外，本研究还旨在确定这些资源的采集地点。
为了达到我们的既定目标，我们对人群进行了分层抽样；以开放式格式采访了 344 名土著人。
虽然总共提到了 245 种民族物种，但超过 50%的植物被不超过 3 名土著人所知，这可能表明这种知识没有广泛传播。评估年龄的影响时，我们发现年龄较大的人比年龄较小的人更了解药用植物，但对信息提供者的年龄组进行仔细分析表明，只有其中一些组存在显著差异。最年长的土著人 (>75 岁)对药用植物的知识较差，他们引用的民族物种多样性与年轻年龄组相似。关于性别，男性总共引用了 196 种不同的民族物种，其中 82 种是他们独有的。此外，男性还有一些女性没有提到的特定民族物种。女性引用了 165 种物种，其中 51 种是她们独有的。这表明，尽管女性对民族物种的总体知识通常不如男性，但她们确实讨论了一组男性没有提到的民族物种。然而，男性平均引用的民族物种比女性多，这一数据支持了性别之间的差异。
尽管男性和女性在个人层面上引用的民族物种数量没有实质性差异，但作为群体的性别之间存在显著差异。富尔尼奥印第安人使用各种不同的采集源来满足他们的治疗需求。在最重要的采集地点中，人为区域是女性的主要采集地点，其次是 Ouricuri 森林，是男性土著人的主要采集地点。
