Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2010 Dec;20(10):754-60. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.10.001. Epub 2010 Nov 20.
Use of selenium enriched foods, supplements and fertilizers has increased markedly in recent years in the US and other Western countries because of the perception that the anti-oxidant properties of selenium could potentially reduce the risk of cancer and other chronic diseases. However, concern has been raised recently about possible adverse cardiometabolic effects of high selenium exposure, including an increased risk of diabetes and hyperlipidemia with high selenium intake. Hence, from a public health perspective, the relationship between selenium status and cardiometabolic health should be clarified in order to help guide consumers in their choices of nutritional supplements and enriched food products. Additional experimental evidence is needed to provide new insights into the role of selenium and of specific selenoproteins in human biology, especially to clarify the underlying mechanisms linking selenium to chronic disease endpoints. Further epidemiological studies and randomized clinical trials across populations with different selenium status should be conducted to determine the causal effect of selenium on cardiovascular disease and risk factors. Nevertheless, at the present time the widespread use of selenium supplements or other strategies that artificially increase selenium status above the level required for optimal selenoprotein activity is not justified and should not be encouraged.
近年来，由于人们认为硒的抗氧化特性可能降低癌症和其他慢性病的风险，因此美国和其他西方国家使用富含硒的食物、补品和肥料的情况明显增加。然而，最近人们对高硒暴露可能产生的不良心脏代谢影响表示担忧，包括高硒摄入会增加患糖尿病和血脂异常的风险。因此，从公共卫生的角度来看，应该阐明硒状况与心脏代谢健康之间的关系，以帮助指导消费者选择营养补品和富含食物产品。需要更多的实验证据来提供对硒和特定硒蛋白在人类生物学中作用的新见解，特别是要阐明将硒与慢性病终点联系起来的潜在机制。应该在具有不同硒状况的人群中开展进一步的流行病学研究和随机临床试验，以确定硒对心血管疾病和危险因素的因果影响。然而，目前，广泛使用硒补充剂或其他策略来人为地将硒状态提高到最佳硒蛋白活性所需的水平以上是没有道理的，也不应该鼓励。
