Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biological, Innovation, K Block, 130 Victoria Rd Kelvin Grove Campus, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove 4059, QLD 4059, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 2011 Jan;43(1):34-9. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.06.004. Epub 2010 Aug 19.
Research is beginning to provide an indication of the co-occurring substance abuse and mental health needs for the driving under the influence (DUI) population. This study aimed to examine the extent of such psychiatric problems among a large sample size of DUI offenders entering treatment in Texas.
This is a study of 36,373 past year DUI clients and 308,714 non-past year DUI clients admitted to Texas treatment programs between 2005 and 2008. Data were obtained from the State's administrative dataset.
Analysis indicated that non-past year DUI clients were more likely to present with more severe illicit substance use problems, while past year DUI clients were more likely to have a primary problem with alcohol. Nevertheless, a cannabis use problem was also found to be significantly associated with DUI recidivism in the last year. In regards to mental health status, a major finding was that depression was the most common psychiatric condition reported by DUI clients, including those with more than one DUI offence in the past year. This cohort also reported elevated levels of Bipolar Disorder compared to the general population, and such a diagnosis was also associated with an increased likelihood of not completing treatment. Additionally, female clients were more likely to be diagnosed with mental health problems than males, as well as more likely to be placed on medications at admission and more likely to have problems with methamphetamine, cocaine, and opiates.
DUI offenders are at an increased risk of experiencing comorbid psychiatric disorders, and thus, corresponding treatment programs need to cater for a range of mental health concerns that are likely to affect recidivism rates.
研究开始为受影响的（DUI）人群的药物滥用和精神健康需求的同时发生提供指示。本研究旨在检查德克萨斯州大量进入治疗的 DUI 罪犯中此类精神问题的程度。
这是一项对 2005 年至 2008 年间进入德克萨斯州治疗计划的 36373 名过去一年的 DUI 客户和 308714 名非过去一年的 DUI 客户的研究。数据来自该州的行政数据集。
分析表明，非过去一年的 DUI 客户更有可能出现更严重的非法药物使用问题，而过去一年的 DUI 客户更有可能出现主要的酒精问题。然而，大麻使用问题也被发现与过去一年的 DUI 累犯显著相关。关于心理健康状况，一个主要发现是，抑郁是 DUI 患者报告的最常见的精神疾病，包括过去一年有多次 DUI 犯罪的患者。这一组还报告了比一般人群更高水平的双相情感障碍，并且这种诊断也与治疗完成率降低的可能性增加有关。此外，女性患者比男性患者更有可能被诊断出患有精神健康问题，并且更有可能在入院时接受药物治疗，并且更有可能出现冰毒、可卡因和鸦片类药物的问题。
DUI 罪犯面临着同时发生的精神疾病的风险增加，因此，相应的治疗计划需要满足可能影响累犯率的一系列心理健康问题。
