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比较单次和多次酒驾的女性驾驶员特征。

Comparison of Characteristics of Female Drivers with Single and Multiple DUI Convictions.

机构信息

College of Nursing, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO.

Department of Psychiatry, Midwest Alcoholism Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.

出版信息

Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2018 Mar;42(3):646-653. doi: 10.1111/acer.13590. Epub 2018 Feb 13.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Women are increasingly involved in drunk driving and fatal crashes, yet except for the screening performed in criminal justice settings, little is known about their life context, psychiatric histories, and family backgrounds. This study describes a sample of women with histories of arrest for driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) who were interviewed outside a criminal justice setting and contrasts women with single versus multiple DUI convictions.

METHODS

Women with recent documented histories of DUI participated in a study of women's health behaviors. Thirty-six women with 1 DUI and 62 with 2 or more DUIs participated in a diagnostic telephone interview which assessed demographics, alcohol use and problems, psychiatric problems, treatment, and partner violence.

RESULTS

The sample overall had high rates of co-occurring psychiatric problems, parental alcohol problems, early sexual and physical abuse, and head injuries. Alcohol use severity and the prevalence of head injuries and partner alcohol problems were significantly higher among women with multiple DUIs than women with a single DUI. Measures reflecting life context, such as marital status, number of children, and childhood trauma, were not associated with number of DUIs.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings suggest that DUI recidivism in women is accounted for primarily by AUD severity and is not influenced by previous life events such as partner violence, psychiatric problems, and family context such as divorce/separation or number of children. Multiple DUIs in women may mark an alcohol severity threshold beyond which few factors account for additional risk.

摘要

背景

女性越来越多地涉及酒后驾车和致命车祸,但除了在刑事司法环境中进行的筛查外,对她们的生活背景、精神病史和家庭背景知之甚少。本研究描述了一组有酒后驾车(DUI)被捕史的女性样本,这些女性是在刑事司法环境之外接受采访的,并对比了有单次 DUI 定罪和多次 DUI 定罪的女性。

方法

有近期酒后驾车记录的女性参与了一项女性健康行为研究。36 名有单次 DUI 的女性和 62 名有 2 次或更多 DUI 的女性参加了一项诊断性电话访谈,评估人口统计学、酒精使用和问题、精神健康问题、治疗和伴侣暴力。

结果

总体样本中,同时存在多种精神健康问题、父母酗酒问题、早期性和身体虐待以及头部受伤的比例很高。与单次 DUI 的女性相比,多次 DUI 的女性酒精使用严重程度更高,头部受伤和伴侣酗酒问题的患病率也更高。反映生活背景的措施,如婚姻状况、子女数量和童年创伤,与 DUI 次数无关。

结论

研究结果表明,女性 DUI 再犯主要归因于 AUD 严重程度,不受伴侣暴力、精神健康问题和家庭背景(如离婚/分居或子女数量)等先前生活事件的影响。女性多次 DUI 可能标志着酒精严重程度的阈值,超过这个阈值,很少有因素会增加额外的风险。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/123c/5832591/4f4f7d37980d/nihms932174f1.jpg

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