Cosman Joshua D, Vecera Shaun P
Departments of Neuroscience and Psychology, E305 Seashore Hall, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1407, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2010 Nov;72(8):2096-105. doi: 10.3758/bf03196686.
The onset of motion captures attention during visual search even if the motion is not task relevant, which suggests that motion onsets capture attention in a stimulus-driven manner. However, we have recently shown that stimulus-driven attentional capture by abruptly appearing objects is attenuated under conditions of high perceptual load. In the present study, we examined the influence of perceptual load on attentional capture by another type of dynamic stimulus: the onset of motion. Participants searched for a target letter through briefly presented low- and high-load displays. On each trial, two irrelevant flankers also appeared, one with a motion onset and one that was static. Flankers defined by a motion onset captured attention in the low-load but not in the high-load displays. This modulation of capture in high-load displays was not the result of overall lengthening of reaction times (RTs) in this condition, since search for a single low-contrast target lengthened RTs but did not influence capture. These results, together with those of previous studies, suggest that perceptual load can modulate attentional capture by dynamic stimuli.
在视觉搜索过程中,运动的起始会吸引注意力,即使该运动与任务无关,这表明运动起始以刺激驱动的方式吸引注意力。然而,我们最近发现,在高知觉负载条件下,突然出现的物体对刺激驱动的注意力捕获会减弱。在本研究中,我们考察了知觉负载对另一种动态刺激——运动起始——引起的注意力捕获的影响。参与者通过短暂呈现的低负载和高负载显示来搜索目标字母。在每次试验中,还会出现两个无关的侧翼刺激,一个有运动起始,另一个是静止的。由运动起始定义的侧翼刺激在低负载显示中会捕获注意力,但在高负载显示中则不会。高负载显示中这种捕获的调节不是该条件下反应时间(RTs)整体延长的结果,因为搜索单个低对比度目标会延长反应时间,但不会影响捕获。这些结果与先前研究的结果一起表明,知觉负载可以调节动态刺激引起的注意力捕获。
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