老年人有用视野下降与注意力分散受损有关。
Impaired attentional disengagement in older adults with useful field of view decline.
机构信息
Department of Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
出版信息
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2012 Jul;67(4):405-12. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbr116. Epub 2011 Nov 1.
OBJECTIVES
Typical measures of the useful field of view (UFOV) involve many components of attention. The objective of the current research was to examine the attentional operations that might underlie declines in the UFOV.
METHOD AND RESULTS
We used 2 basic attention tasks to characterize the profile of visual attention in UFOV-impaired and -unimpaired observers. Our results suggested that declines in the UFOV result from a deficit in attentional disengagement, not a decrease in attentional breadth or scope.
DISCUSSION
The results suggested that UFOV decline in normal aging can be associated with a specific attentional operation, namely attentional disengagement. These results suggest that the underlying cause of UFOV decline may not be a restriction in the breadth or scope of attention. Because the UFOV is a reliable predictor of driving safety, our results point to attentional components that are critical for the visual behavior of older adults.
目的
有用视野 (UFOV) 的典型测量方法涉及注意力的许多组成部分。本研究的目的是研究可能导致 UFOV 下降的注意力操作。
方法和结果
我们使用 2 种基本的注意任务来描述 UFOV 受损和未受损观察者的视觉注意特征。我们的结果表明，UFOV 的下降是由于注意力解除的缺陷，而不是注意力广度或范围的下降。
讨论
结果表明，正常衰老过程中的 UFOV 下降可能与特定的注意力操作相关，即注意力解除。这些结果表明，UFOV 下降的根本原因可能不是注意力的广度或范围受到限制。由于 UFOV 是驾驶安全的可靠预测指标，我们的结果指向对老年人视觉行为至关重要的注意力成分。
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