Finlay Dewar D, Nugent Chris D, Wang Haiying, Donnelly Mark P, McCullagh Paul J
School of Computing and Mathematics, University of Ulster, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim, Northern Ireland, UK.
Technol Health Care. 2010;18(6):429-41. doi: 10.3233/THC-2010-0603.
Decision support systems (DSS) are software entities that assist the physician in the decision making process. They have found application in medicine due to the large amounts of data (e.g. laboratory measurements such as blood pressure, heart rate, body-mass index) and information (e.g. patient history, population statistics based on age and sex) that must be considered before diagnosing any disease or recommending a therapy. A well known example is the embedded software in defibrillators which allows a 'shock' to be delivered, by analyzing the electrocardiogram for known conditions (heart attack). The shock can restart the heart and timely delivery can resuscitate the patient. As well as assisting in primary diagnosis, a DSS can reduce medical error, assist compliance with clinical guidelines, improve efficiency of care delivery and improve quality of care. Decision support still has significant acceptance issues in clinical routine, but can achieve more prominence, as systems are demonstrated to provide effective knowledge based support. Data mining is often used to provide some insight to a data set and update our accepted knowledge. In this section, we discuss a study which examines where electrocardiographic information should be recorded from a patient's torso in order to increase diagnostic yield.
决策支持系统（DSS）是在决策过程中协助医生的软件实体。由于在诊断任何疾病或推荐治疗方法之前必须考虑大量数据（例如血压、心率、体重指数等实验室测量值）和信息（例如患者病史、基于年龄和性别的人群统计数据），它们在医学领域得到了应用。一个著名的例子是除颤器中的嵌入式软件，它通过分析心电图以识别已知病症（心脏病发作）来决定是否进行“电击”。电击可以使心脏重新跳动，及时的电击可以使患者复苏。除了协助进行初步诊断外，决策支持系统还可以减少医疗差错、帮助遵守临床指南、提高护理效率并改善护理质量。决策支持在临床常规中仍然存在显著的接受度问题，但随着系统被证明能提供有效的基于知识的支持，它可能会变得更加突出。数据挖掘通常用于对数据集提供一些见解并更新我们已接受的知识。在本节中，我们讨论一项研究，该研究探讨了应从患者躯干的何处记录心电图信息以提高诊断率。
