Doern G V
Department of Clinical Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, North Worcester 01655.
Am J Med. 1990 May 14;88(5A):33S-35S. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(90)90259-g.
This review provides a comprehensive description and discussion of recognized phenotypic characteristics of Branhamella catarrhalis. An emphasis is placed on attributes of this organism that are relevant to its recovery and identification in the clinical microbiology laboratory. In addition, characteristics useful in determining strain identity for use in epidemiologic investigations are addressed. Finally, factors are discussed that may account for the infection-causing potential of B. catarrhalis or at least are of potential consequence to investigations of the pathogenesis of Branhamella disease.
B. catarrhalis is readily isolated from human clinical specimens and can be easily identified using simple, rapid laboratory techniques. Restriction endonuclease analysis of chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid has proven to be a useful tool in epidemiologic studies. Beta-lactamase isoelectric focusing is of limited value because of the small number of distinct patterns. The lipopolysaccharide and outer membrane proteins of B. catarrhalis have been characterized and found to be relatively non-varying among different strains. Circumstantial evidence exists in support of the hypothesis that the B. catarrhalis beta-lactamase is a virulence determinant.
本综述全面描述并讨论了卡他布兰汉菌公认的表型特征。重点关注该微生物在临床微生物学实验室中的分离与鉴定相关的特性。此外，还探讨了在流行病学调查中用于确定菌株身份的有用特征。最后，讨论了可能解释卡他布兰汉菌致病潜力的因素，或至少对布兰汉菌病发病机制研究具有潜在影响的因素。
卡他布兰汉菌易于从人类临床标本中分离出来，并且可以使用简单、快速的实验室技术轻松鉴定。染色体脱氧核糖核酸的限制性内切酶分析已被证明是流行病学研究中的一种有用工具。由于不同模式数量较少，β-内酰胺酶等电聚焦的价值有限。卡他布兰汉菌的脂多糖和外膜蛋白已被鉴定，发现不同菌株之间相对稳定。有间接证据支持卡他布兰汉菌β-内酰胺酶是一种毒力决定因素的假说。
