St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Whiston Hospital, Prescot, Merseyside L35 5DR, UK.
Emerg Med J. 2011 Feb;28(2):94-7. doi: 10.1136/emj.2005.030643. Epub 2010 Nov 26.
Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a frequent emergency department (ED) presentation. The definition and common causes of ARF are discussed in this article and ED management of the condition is discussed, using an illustrative case report. The paper considers the role of B-type natriuretic peptide in diagnosis and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in treatment. Intensive care unit admission denial is common in ARF, although the evidence base is lacking. Finally, the decision-making process is described when a patient with ARF fails to improve with NIV.
急性呼吸衰竭（ARF）是急诊科（ED）常见的急症。本文讨论了 ARF 的定义和常见病因，并结合一个病例报告讨论了 ED 对该疾病的管理。文中还考虑了 B 型利钠肽在诊断中的作用和无创通气（NIV）在治疗中的作用。尽管缺乏循证医学证据，但 ARF 患者通常会被拒绝收入重症监护病房（ICU）。最后，还描述了当 ARF 患者经 NIV 治疗后病情仍无改善时的决策过程。
