University Hospital Zurich, Department of Nursing, Zurich, Switzerland.
J Clin Nurs. 2011 Apr;20(7-8):1115-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03376.x. Epub 2010 Nov 30.
(1) To gain insight into the psychosocial needs and distress of close relatives of women under treatment for breast cancer and identify how they perceive the interpersonal relationship with the patient and (2) to determine factors associated with the relatives' psychosocial needs.
Breast cancer affects patients but also close relatives. Relatives need support themselves but there is still a lack of knowledge about their specific needs.
Relatives of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer participated in a cross-sectional survey.
Relatives were approached by patients, who were contacted by nurses in two Swiss breast cancer clinics. The patients received the questionnaire for their closest relative, who decided independently of the patient about participation. Standardised questionnaires were completed by 107 relatives.
The relatives needed help with access to information and health care professionals. They needed information about the patients' treatment (50·9%), honest information (41·6%) and had difficulties with confidence in health care professionals (39·2%). The majority (61·0%) suffered from distress, less (26·1%) from anxiety and depression (10·9%). Distress, anxiety and conflict in their interpersonal relationship were associated with the relatives' unmet psychosocial needs.
The findings increase the knowledge of the psychosocial needs of relatives of patients with breast cancer and provide the basis for purposeful support. Distress, anxiety and conflicts in the relationship are important factors that may identify more vulnerable relatives with unmet needs or a higher demand for support.
Assessment of the relatives' specific needs, distress and anxiety is important, and the relatives' perception of their relationship should be addressed. Health care professionals are key persons in contact with relatives and should motivate the patients to involve their relatives in the illness and treatment process. Support programmes for relatives of patients with breast cancer should be developed in Swiss cancer clinics.
（1）深入了解正在接受乳腺癌治疗的女性的亲属的心理社会需求和困扰，并确定他们如何看待与患者的人际关系，以及（2）确定与亲属的心理社会需求相关的因素。
乳腺癌不仅影响患者，也影响其亲属。亲属需要自己获得支持，但他们的特定需求仍然缺乏了解。
新诊断为乳腺癌的女性的亲属参与了一项横断面调查。
由患者联系，患者由瑞士两家乳腺癌诊所的护士联系。患者收到了他们最亲近的亲戚的问卷，他们独立于患者决定参与。107 名亲属完成了标准化问卷。
亲属需要帮助获得信息和医疗保健专业人员。他们需要了解患者的治疗情况（50.9%）、诚实的信息（41.6%），并对医疗保健专业人员的信任存在困难（39.2%）。大多数（61.0%）亲属感到困扰，较少（26.1%）感到焦虑和抑郁（10.9%）。困扰、焦虑和人际关系中的冲突与亲属未满足的心理社会需求相关。
这些发现增加了对乳腺癌患者亲属的心理社会需求的了解，并为有针对性的支持提供了基础。困扰、焦虑和关系中的冲突是重要因素，可能会识别出更脆弱的、有未满足需求或更高支持需求的亲属。
评估亲属的特定需求、困扰和焦虑非常重要，应关注亲属对其关系的看法。医疗保健专业人员是与亲属接触的关键人员，应鼓励患者让亲属参与疾病和治疗过程。瑞士癌症诊所应开发针对乳腺癌患者亲属的支持计划。
