Pennington J E
University of California, San Francisco.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1990 Jun;4(2):259-70.
Among opportunistic infections with gram-negative bacilli, those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are associated with particularly high mortalities. Accordingly, considerable interest exists to develop immunotherapeutic or immunoprophylactic agents for this pathogen. In vitro as well as in vivo studies in animal models have demonstrated that LPS serotype-specific antibodies against P. aeruginosa confer protection. Thus, cell wall-derived LPS P. aeruginosa vaccines have been developed for active immunization. Toxic side effects from LPS and relatively slow immune response to active immunization in patients needing rapid protection have led to the development of high-titered anti-P. aeruginosa immunoglobulin G preparations. Passive immunotherapy with these polyclonal antibody preparations has shown promising results in animal models and in clinical pilot studies. More recently, murine and human monoclonal antibodies against P. aeruginosa have been developed. These preparations offer the potential advantage over polyclonal globulin preparations of low protein dosages and virtually unlimited supply.
在由革兰氏阴性杆菌引起的机会性感染中，铜绿假单胞菌所致感染的死亡率尤其高。因此，开发针对这种病原体的免疫治疗或免疫预防药物引起了人们的极大兴趣。动物模型的体外和体内研究均表明，针对铜绿假单胞菌的脂多糖血清型特异性抗体具有保护作用。因此，已开发出细胞壁来源的铜绿假单胞菌脂多糖疫苗用于主动免疫。脂多糖的毒性副作用以及在需要快速保护的患者中对主动免疫的免疫反应相对较慢，促使人们开发高滴度的抗铜绿假单胞菌免疫球蛋白G制剂。用这些多克隆抗体制剂进行的被动免疫疗法在动物模型和临床试点研究中已显示出有希望的结果。最近，已开发出针对铜绿假单胞菌的鼠源和人源单克隆抗体。这些制剂相对于多克隆球蛋白制剂具有潜在优势，即蛋白质剂量低且供应几乎不受限制。
