Gorman D, Masterton G
Scottish Home and Health Department, University of Edinburgh.
Br J Gen Pract. 1990 Mar;40(332):102-5.
This study investigated the general practice consultations of 46 patients during the year before and 13 weeks after hospital admission for deliberate self-poisoning. These were compared with data for controls matched for age, sex, family structure and area of residence. The frequency of consultations increased as parasuicide approached but this effect was due to large increases in a few patients. The greatest increase in the number of consultations and an increase in subjects consulting for physical problems occurred four to six months before the event. The seriousness of the attempt assessed by suicidal intent was unrelated to consulting pattern either before or after overdose. The rate of default from appointments was less than for controls, although this was not significantly different. Because of the problems in identifying when intentional self-harm will occur and the common presentation being psychosocial distress rather than mental illness, intervention to prevent parasuicide is likely to prove even more difficult than for suicide.
本研究调查了46例蓄意自毒患者入院前一年及入院后13周内的全科医疗会诊情况。将这些情况与年龄、性别、家庭结构和居住地区相匹配的对照组数据进行比较。随着准自杀事件临近，会诊频率增加，但这种影响是由少数患者的大幅增加导致的。会诊次数的最大增幅以及因身体问题进行会诊的患者数量增加发生在事件前四至六个月。通过自杀意图评估的自杀未遂严重程度与服药过量前后的会诊模式均无关。预约失约率低于对照组，尽管差异不显著。由于难以确定何时会发生故意自伤行为，且常见表现为社会心理困扰而非精神疾病，预防准自杀的干预措施可能比预防自杀更加困难。
