Allison W E, Kiromat M, Vince J D, Schaefer M, Kaldor J
National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Australia.
P N G Med J. 2009 Mar-Jun;52(1-2):13-20.
The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with current HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) testing practice at Port Moresby General Hospital and positive serostatus among children tested, as a basis for contributing to guidelines on HIV testing for children in Papua New Guinea. Data were extracted from hospital records to determine the demographic and presenting clinical characteristics of admitted children tested for HIV serostatus between 1 December 2005 and 30 November 2006. These data were compared with corresponding data from untested control children from the same wards. The same characteristics were compared between seropositive and seronegative cases. Odds ratios were derived for potential predictors of testing and its outcome. During the study period, HIV tests were reported on 215 children, of whom 57 were seropositive. Controls were 264 untested children. Tested children were more likely to be aged 18 months or less, to have been admitted for more than 7 days, and to have diarrhoea, be malnourished or have oral candidiasis. Among children tested, suspected tuberculosis as a presenting illness was significantly predictive of HIV-positive serostatus. This study indicates that certain clinical factors associated with HIV-positive status in children may not yet have been incorporated into testing practice, and underlines the importance of developing a systematic approach to testing children for HIV in Papua New Guinea.
本研究的目的是确定与莫尔斯比港总医院目前的艾滋病毒（人类免疫缺陷病毒）检测做法以及接受检测儿童中的血清阳性状态相关的因素，作为为巴布亚新几内亚儿童艾滋病毒检测指南提供参考的依据。从医院记录中提取数据，以确定2005年12月1日至2006年11月30日期间接受艾滋病毒血清学检测的住院儿童的人口统计学特征和就诊时的临床特征。将这些数据与来自同一病房未接受检测的对照儿童的相应数据进行比较。对血清阳性和血清阴性病例的相同特征进行了比较。得出了检测及其结果的潜在预测因素的比值比。在研究期间，报告了215名儿童的艾滋病毒检测结果，其中57名血清呈阳性。对照组为264名未接受检测儿童。接受检测的儿童更有可能年龄在18个月及以下、住院超过7天、患有腹泻、营养不良或患有口腔念珠菌病。在接受检测的儿童中，以疑似结核病作为就诊疾病是艾滋病毒血清阳性状态的显著预测因素。本研究表明，与儿童艾滋病毒阳性状态相关的某些临床因素可能尚未纳入检测实践，并强调了在巴布亚新几内亚制定系统的儿童艾滋病毒检测方法的重要性。
