多发性骨髓瘤：疾病的生物学。

Multiple myeloma: biology of the disease.

机构信息

Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.

出版信息

Blood Rev. 2010 Nov;24 Suppl 1:S5-11. doi: 10.1016/S0268-960X(10)70003-5.

Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal B-cell malignancy characterized by the aberrant expansion of plasma cells within the bone marrow, as well as at extramedullary sites. Decades of scientific research are now beginning to unravel the intricate biology that underlies the pathophysiology of MM. In particular, the roles of cellular differentiation, molecular pathogenesis, and oncogenes involved in the natural history of MM are becoming clearer. This has enabled the identification of specific cytokines, adhesion molecules, and stromal cells that affect MM cell development, disease progression, and treatment responses. This review describes our current understanding regarding the biology of MM, and how this has led to a robust pipeline of novel therapeutic agents with the potential to overcome resistance to existing MM therapies and, therefore, further improve outcomes in patients with MM.

摘要

多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种克隆性 B 细胞恶性肿瘤，其特征是骨髓内以及骨髓外部位浆细胞异常扩增。数十年的科学研究现在开始揭示 MM 病理生理学背后的复杂生物学。特别是，细胞分化、分子发病机制以及涉及 MM 自然史的癌基因的作用变得更加清晰。这使得能够鉴定影响 MM 细胞发育、疾病进展和治疗反应的特定细胞因子、粘附分子和基质细胞。这篇综述描述了我们目前对 MM 生物学的理解，以及这如何导致了一系列新型治疗药物的出现，这些药物有可能克服对现有 MM 治疗的耐药性，从而进一步改善 MM 患者的预后。