Lebel Eyal, Nachmias Boaz, Pick Marjorie, Gross Even-Zohar Noa, Gatt Moshe E
Hadassah Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
J Clin Med. 2022 Mar 25;11(7):1809. doi: 10.3390/jcm11071809.
Multiple myeloma (MM) progression is dependent on its interaction with the bone marrow microenvironment and the immune system and is mediated by key surface antigens. Some antigens promote adhesion to the bone marrow matrix and stromal cells, while others are involved in intercellular interactions that result in differentiation of B-cells to plasma cells (PC). These interactions are also involved in malignant transformation of the normal PC to MM PC as well as disease progression. Here, we review selected surface antigens that are commonly used in the flow cytometry analysis of MM for identification of plasma cells (PC) and the discrimination between normal and malignant PC as well as prognostication. These include the markers: CD38, CD138, CD45, CD19, CD117, CD56, CD81, CD27, and CD28. Furthermore, we will discuss the novel marker CD24 and its involvement in MM. The bioactivity of each antigen is reviewed, as well as its expression on normal vs. malignant PC, prognostic implications, and therapeutic utility. Understanding the role of these specific surface antigens, as well as complex co-expressions of combinations of antigens, may allow for a more personalized prognostic monitoring and treatment of MM patients.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的进展依赖于其与骨髓微环境和免疫系统的相互作用，并由关键表面抗原介导。一些抗原促进与骨髓基质和基质细胞的黏附，而其他抗原则参与导致B细胞分化为浆细胞（PC）的细胞间相互作用。这些相互作用也参与正常PC向MM PC的恶性转化以及疾病进展。在此，我们综述了在MM的流式细胞术分析中常用于鉴定浆细胞（PC）、区分正常和恶性PC以及进行预后评估的特定表面抗原。这些标志物包括：CD38、CD138、CD45、CD19、CD117、CD56、CD81、CD27和CD28。此外，我们将讨论新型标志物CD24及其在MM中的作用。对每种抗原的生物活性进行了综述，以及其在正常与恶性PC上的表达、预后意义和治疗效用。了解这些特定表面抗原的作用以及抗原组合的复杂共表达情况，可能有助于对MM患者进行更个性化的预后监测和治疗。
