MGH-HMS Center for Nervous System Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2011 Jan;34(1):41-50. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2010.10.002. Epub 2010 Dec 2.
Callosal projection neurons (CPN) are a diverse population of neocortical projection neurons that connect the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex via the corpus callosum. They play key roles in high-level associative connectivity, and have been implicated in cognitive syndromes of high-level associative dysfunction, such as autism spectrum disorders. CPN evolved relatively recently compared to other cortical neuron populations, and have undergone disproportionately large expansion from mouse to human. While much is known about the anatomical trajectory of developing CPN axons, and progress has been made in identifying cellular and molecular controls over midline crossing, only recently have molecular-genetic controls been identified that specify CPN populations, and help define CPN subpopulations. In this review, we discuss the development, diversity and evolution of CPN.
胼胝体投射神经元（CPN）是一类多样化的新皮层投射神经元，它们通过胼胝体将大脑皮层的两个半球连接起来。它们在高级联想连接中发挥着关键作用，并与高级联想功能障碍的认知综合征有关，例如自闭症谱系障碍。与其他皮质神经元群体相比，CPN 相对较新，并且在从老鼠到人之间经历了不成比例的大量扩张。虽然已经了解了发育中的 CPN 轴突的解剖轨迹，并且在确定中线交叉的细胞和分子控制方面取得了进展，但最近才确定了分子遗传控制，这些控制指定了 CPN 群体，并有助于定义 CPN 亚群。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 CPN 的发育、多样性和进化。
