Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2011 Mar;41(3):558-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.05.008. Epub 2010 Dec 4.
The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a frequently used instrument designed to assess the patient-reported outcome of pain. The majority of factor analytic studies have found a two-factor (i.e., pain intensity and pain interference) structure for this instrument; however, because the BPI was developed with an a priori hypothesis of the relationship among its items, it follows that construct validity investigations should use confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
The purpose of this work was to establish the construct validity of the BPI using a CFA framework and demonstrate factorial invariance using a range of demographic variables.
A retrospective CFA was completed in a sample of individuals diagnosed with HIV/AIDS and cancer (n=364; 63% male; age 21-92 years, M=51.80). A baseline one-factor model was compared against two-factor and three-factor models (i.e., pain intensity, activity interference, and affective interference) that were developed based on the hypothetical design of the instrument.
Fit indices for the three-factor model were statistically superior when compared with the one-factor model and marginally better when compared with the two-factor model. This three-factor structure was found to be invariant across disease, age, and ethnicity groups.
The results of this study provide evidence to support a three-factor representation of the BPI, and the originally hypothesized two-factor structure. Such findings will begin to provide clinical trialists, pharmaceutical sponsors, and regulators with confidence in the psychometric properties of this instrument when considering its inclusion in clinical research.
Brief Pain Inventory（BPI）是一种常用于评估疼痛患者报告结局的工具。大多数因素分析研究发现该工具具有两因素结构（即疼痛强度和疼痛干扰）；然而，由于 BPI 是根据其项目之间的关系的先验假设开发的，因此，结构效度研究应使用验证性因素分析（CFA）。
本研究旨在使用 CFA 框架确立 BPI 的结构效度，并使用一系列人口统计学变量证明因子不变性。
对诊断为 HIV/AIDS 和癌症的个体样本（n=364；63%为男性；年龄 21-92 岁，M=51.80）进行回顾性 CFA。将基线单因素模型与基于仪器假设设计的两因素和三因素模型（即疼痛强度、活动干扰和情感干扰）进行比较。
与单因素模型相比，三因素模型的拟合指数在统计学上更优，与两因素模型相比，其拟合指数略有改善。该三因素结构在疾病、年龄和种族群体中具有不变性。
本研究结果为 BPI 的三因素表示法和最初假设的两因素结构提供了证据支持。此类发现将开始为临床试验人员、制药赞助商和监管机构提供信心，使其在考虑将该工具纳入临床研究时，对该工具的心理测量特性充满信心。
