Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2011 Aug;45(2):386-92. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0432OC. Epub 2010 Dec 3.
Chlorine (Cl(2)) gas exposure poses an environmental and occupational hazard that frequently results in acute lung injury. There is no effective treatment. We assessed the efficacy of antioxidants, administered after exposure, in decreasing mortality and lung injury in C57BL/6 mice exposed to 600 ppm of Cl(2) for 45 minutes and returned to room air. Ascorbate and deferoxamine were administered intramuscularly every 12 hours and by nose-only inhalation every 24 hours for 3 days starting after 1 hour after exposure. Control mice were exposed to Cl(2) and treated with vehicle (saline or water). Mortality was reduced fourfold in the treatment group compared with the control group (22 versus 78%; P = 0.007). Surviving animals in the treatment group had significantly lower protein concentrations, cell counts, and epithelial cells in their bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Lung tissue ascorbate correlated inversely with BAL protein as well as with the number of neutrophils and epithelial cells. In addition, lipid peroxidation was reduced threefold in the BAL of mice treated with ascorbate and deferoxamine when compared with the control group. Administration of ascorbate and deferoxamine reduces mortality and decreases lung injury through reduction of alveolar-capillary permeability, inflammation, and epithelial sloughing and lipid peroxidation.
氯气（Cl2）气体暴露对环境和职业构成危害，经常导致急性肺损伤。目前尚无有效的治疗方法。我们评估了抗氧化剂在暴露后给药对减少 C57BL/6 小鼠死亡率和肺损伤的效果，这些小鼠在暴露于 600 ppm Cl2 45 分钟后，回到室内空气中。在暴露后 1 小时开始，每隔 12 小时肌肉注射抗坏血酸和去铁胺，每隔 24 小时通过鼻吸入给药，持续 3 天。对照组小鼠暴露于 Cl2 并给予载体（生理盐水或水）治疗。与对照组相比，治疗组的死亡率降低了四倍（22%对 78%；P=0.007）。治疗组存活的动物在支气管肺泡灌洗液（BAL）中的蛋白浓度、细胞计数和上皮细胞明显更低。肺组织抗坏血酸与 BAL 蛋白以及中性粒细胞和上皮细胞的数量呈负相关。此外，与对照组相比，用抗坏血酸和去铁胺治疗的小鼠 BAL 中的脂质过氧化减少了三倍。抗坏血酸和去铁胺的给药通过降低肺泡毛细血管通透性、炎症和上皮脱落以及脂质过氧化，降低了死亡率并减少了肺损伤。
