Kessler Ronald C, Aguilar-Gaxiola Sergio, Alonso Jordi, Chatterji Somnath, Lee Sing, Ustün T Bedirhan
Psychiatrie (Stuttg). 2009 Jan 1;6(1):5-9.
The paper presents an overview of the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative and summarizes recent WMH results regarding the prevalence and societal costs of mental disorders. The WMH surveys are representative community surveys that were carried out in 28 countries throughout the world aimed at providing information to mental health policy makers about the prevalence, burden, and unmet need for treatment of common mental disorders. Results show that mental disorders are commonly occurring in all participating countries. The inter-quartile range (IQR: 25(th)-75(th) percentiles) of lifetime DSM-IV disorder prevalence estimates (combining anxiety, mood, disruptive behavior, and substance disorders) is 18.1-36.1%. The IQR of 12-month prevalence estimates is 9.8-19.1%. Analysis of age-of-onset reports shows that many mental disorders begin in childhood-adolescence and have significant adverse effects on subsequent role transitions. Adult mental disorders are found in the WMH data to be associated with high levels of role impairment. Despite this burden, the majority of mental disorders go untreated. Although these results suggest that expansion of treatment could be cost-effective from both the employer perspective and the societal perspective, treatment effectiveness trials are needed to confirm this suspicion. The WMH results regarding impairments are being used to target several such interventions.
本文概述了世界卫生组织世界心理健康（WMH）调查倡议，并总结了WMH最近关于精神障碍患病率和社会成本的结果。WMH调查是具有代表性的社区调查，在全球28个国家开展，旨在向心理健康政策制定者提供有关常见精神障碍的患病率、负担及未满足的治疗需求的信息。结果显示，精神障碍在所有参与调查的国家都普遍存在。终生DSM-IV障碍患病率估计值（综合焦虑、情绪、破坏性行为和物质使用障碍）的四分位数间距（IQR：第25-75百分位数）为18.1%-36.1%。12个月患病率估计值的IQR为9.8%-19.1%。对发病年龄报告的分析表明，许多精神障碍始于儿童期至青少年期，并对随后的角色转换产生重大不利影响。在WMH数据中发现，成人精神障碍与高水平的角色功能损害相关。尽管有这种负担，但大多数精神障碍仍未得到治疗。虽然这些结果表明，从雇主和社会角度来看，扩大治疗可能具有成本效益，但仍需要进行治疗效果试验来证实这一推测。WMH关于功能损害的结果正被用于针对几种此类干预措施。
