Gotthelf Susana Judith, Jubany Lilian Laura
Departamento de Investigación Clínica, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Nutricionales, Argentina.
Arch Argent Pediatr. 2010 Oct;108(5):418-26. doi: 10.1590/S0325-00752010000500007.
South America is now at a stage of epidemiological transition, changing the condition of high prevalence of underweight and stunting, to a scene marked by increases in obesity that accompanies chronic diseases, such us cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. Surveillance of risk factors associated with them is considered a priority.
To establish the prevalence of risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease in adolescents in public and private schools in the city of Salta, and observe the socioeconomic characteristics and presence of cardiovascular risk factors in parents.
Cross-sectional design, adolescents aged 16 to 20 years of public and private schools. Anthropometric, biochemical, food, social, lifestyle and family history variables.
Adolescents of private schools had higher average values of cholesterol, LDL and glucose. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in public schools was 15% and 14.2% in private, and of hypertension 11.3% and 12.2%, respectively. It was noted higher consumption of sweets, sodas and juices; 35.1% and 42.5% of adolescents in public and private schools, did not perform physical activity, 14.2% and 27.1% smoked and 66.2% and 54.7%, respectively, consumed alcohol at weekend. The prevalence of obesity in mothers of public school students was significantly higher.
There is evidence of the emergence of risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease in adolescents with different characteristics as belonging to public or private schools, but both groups involved in an unhealthy family environment.
南美洲目前正处于流行病学转变阶段，从体重不足和发育迟缓的高流行状况，转变为以肥胖增加并伴有慢性疾病（如心血管疾病、糖尿病和癌症）为特征的局面。对与之相关的风险因素进行监测被视为一项优先事项。
确定萨尔塔市公立和私立学校青少年中与心血管疾病相关的风险因素的患病率，并观察家长的社会经济特征和心血管风险因素的存在情况。
采用横断面设计，研究对象为公立和私立学校16至20岁的青少年。测量人体测量学、生化、饮食、社会、生活方式和家族史变量。
私立学校青少年的胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和血糖平均值较高。公立学校超重和肥胖的患病率分别为15%和14.2%，高血压患病率分别为11.3%和12.2%。发现青少年食用糖果、汽水和果汁的量较多；公立和私立学校分别有35.1%和42.5%的青少年不进行体育活动，14.2%和27.1%的青少年吸烟，周末饮酒的比例分别为66.2%和54.7%。公立学校学生母亲的肥胖患病率显著更高。
有证据表明，不同特征（如公立或私立学校）的青少年中出现了与心血管疾病相关的风险因素，但两组青少年都处于不健康的家庭环境中。
