Ciampa Philip J, Kumar Disha, Barkin Shari L, Sanders Lee M, Yin H Shonna, Perrin Eliana M, Rothman Russell L
Program in Effective Health Communication, Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-8300, USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010 Dec;164(12):1098-104. doi: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.232.
To assess the evidence for interventions designed to prevent or reduce overweight and obesity in children younger than 2 years.
MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Web of Science, and references from relevant articles.
Included were published studies that evaluated an intervention designed to prevent or reduce overweight or obesity in children younger than 2 years.
Extracted from eligible studies were measured outcomes, including changes in child weight status, dietary intake, and physical activity and parental attitudes and knowledge about nutrition. Studies were assessed for scientific quality using standard criteria, with an assigned quality score ranging from 0.00 to 2.00 (0.00-0.99 is poor, 1.00-1.49 is fair, and 1.50-2.00 is good).
We retrieved 1557 citations; 38 articles were reviewed, and 12 articles representing 10 studies met study inclusion criteria. Eight studies used educational interventions to promote dietary behaviors, and 2 studies used a combination of nutrition education and physical activity. Study settings included home (n = 2), clinic (n = 3), classroom (n = 4), or a combination (n = 1). Intervention durations were generally less than 6 months and had modest success in affecting measures, such as dietary intake and parental attitudes and knowledge about nutrition. No intervention improved child weight status. Studies were of poor or fair quality (median quality score, 0.86; range, 0.28-1.43).
Few published studies attempted to intervene among children younger than 2 years to prevent or reduce obesity. Limited evidence suggests that interventions may improve dietary intake and parental attitudes and knowledge about nutrition for children in this age group. For clinically important and sustainable effect, future research should focus on designing rigorous interventions that target young children and their families.
评估旨在预防或减少2岁以下儿童超重和肥胖的干预措施的证据。
MEDLINE、Cochrane对照试验中心注册库、CINAHL、科学引文索引以及相关文章的参考文献。
纳入已发表的研究，这些研究评估了旨在预防或减少2岁以下儿童超重或肥胖的干预措施。
从符合条件的研究中提取测量结果，包括儿童体重状况、饮食摄入量、身体活动以及父母对营养的态度和知识的变化。使用标准标准评估研究的科学质量，分配的质量分数范围为0.00至2.00（0.00 - 0.99为差，1.00 - 1.49为中等，1.50 - 2.00为好）。
我们检索到1557篇引文；审查了38篇文章，12篇文章代表10项研究符合研究纳入标准。8项研究采用教育干预来促进饮食行为，2项研究采用营养教育与身体活动相结合的方式。研究场所包括家庭（n = 2）、诊所（n = 3）、教室（n = 4）或多种场所结合（n = 1）。干预持续时间一般少于6个月，在影响饮食摄入量、父母对营养的态度和知识等指标方面取得的成效不大。没有干预措施能改善儿童体重状况。研究质量为差或中等（质量分数中位数为0.86；范围为0.28 - 1.43）。
很少有已发表的研究尝试对2岁以下儿童进行干预以预防或减少肥胖。有限的证据表明，干预措施可能会改善该年龄组儿童的饮食摄入量以及父母对营养的态度和知识。为获得具有临床重要性和可持续性的效果，未来的研究应专注于设计针对幼儿及其家庭的严格干预措施。
